path: root/emcc

#!/usr/bin/env python

'''
emcc - compiler helper script
=============================

emcc is a drop-in replacement for a compiler like gcc or clang.

Tell your build system to use this instead of the compiler, and similarly
use emar, emld and emranlib instead of the same command without 'em'.

Example uses:

 * For configure, instead of ./configure, cmake, etc., run emconfigure.py
   with that command as an argument, for example

    emconfigure.py ./configure [options]
  
   emconfigure.py is a tiny script that just sets some environment vars
   as a convenience. The command just shown is equivalent to

    EMMAKEN_JUST_CONFIGURE=1 RANLIB=PATH/emranlib AR=PATH/emar CXX=PATH/em++ CC=PATH/emcc ./configure [options]

   where PATH is the path to this file.

   EMMAKEN_JUST_CONFIGURE tells emcc that it is being run in ./configure,
   so it should relay everything to gcc/g++. You should not define that when
   running make, of course.

 * With CMake, the same command will work (with cmake instead of ./configure). You may also be
   able to do the following in your CMakeLists.txt:

    SET(CMAKE_C_COMPILER "PATH/emcc")
    SET(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "PATH/em++")
    SET(CMAKE_LINKER "PATH/emld")
    SET(CMAKE_CXX_LINKER "PATH/emld")
    SET(CMAKE_C_LINK_EXECUTABLE "PATH/emld")
    SET(CMAKE_CXX_LINK_EXECUTABLE "PATH/emld")
    SET(CMAKE_AR "PATH/emar")
    SET(CMAKE_RANLIB "PATH/emranlib")

 * For SCons the shared.py can be imported like so:
    __file__ = str(Dir('#/project_path_to_emscripten/dummy/dummy'))
    __rootpath__ = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    def path_from_root(*pathelems):
      return os.path.join(__rootpath__, *pathelems)
    sys.path += [path_from_root('')]
    from tools.shared import *
    
   For using the Emscripten compilers/linkers/etc. you can do:
    env = Environment()
    ...
    env.Append(CCFLAGS = COMPILER_OPTS)
    env.Replace(LINK = LLVM_LD)
    env.Replace(LD   = LLVM_LD)
   TODO: Document all relevant setup changes

After setting that up, run your build system normally.

Note the appearance of em++ instead of emcc
for the C++ compiler. This is needed for cases where we get
a C++ file with a C extension, in which case CMake can be told
to run g++ on it despite the .c extension, see

  https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/issues/6

(If a similar situation occurs with ./configure, you can do the same there too.)

emcc can be influenced by a few environment variables:

  EMMAKEN_NO_SDK - Will tell emcc *not* to use the emscripten headers. Instead
                   your system headers will be used.

  EMMAKEN_COMPILER - The compiler to be used, if you don't want the default clang.
'''

import os, sys, shutil, tempfile, subprocess, shlex
from subprocess import PIPE, STDOUT
from tools import shared
from tools.shared import Compression, execute, suffix, unsuffixed, unsuffixed_basename

# Mapping of emcc opt levels to llvm opt levels. We use llvm opt level 3 in emcc opt
# levels 2 and 3 (emcc 3 is unsafe opts, so unsuitable for the only level to get
# llvm opt level 3, and speed-wise emcc level 2 is already the slowest/most optimizing
# level)
LLVM_OPT_LEVEL = {
  0: 0,
  1: 1,
  2: 3,
  3: 3,
}

DEBUG = os.environ.get('EMCC_DEBUG')
TEMP_DIR = os.environ.get('EMCC_TEMP_DIR')
LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW = os.environ.get('EMCC_LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW') # Do not compile .ll files into .bc, just compile them with emscripten directly
                                                           # Not recommended, this is mainly for the test runner, or if you have some other
                                                           # specific need.
                                                           # One major limitation with this mode is that dlmalloc and libc++ cannot be
                                                           # added in. Also, LLVM optimizations will not be done, nor dead code elimination
AUTODEBUG = os.environ.get('EMCC_AUTODEBUG') # If set to 1, we will run the autodebugger (the automatic debugging tool, see tools/autodebugger).
                                             # Note that this will disable inclusion of libraries. This is useful because including
                                             # dlmalloc makes it hard to compare native and js builds
EMCC_CFLAGS = os.environ.get('EMCC_CFLAGS') # Additional compiler flags that we treat as if they were passed to us on the commandline

if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, '\nemcc invocation: ', ' '.join(sys.argv), (' + ' + EMCC_CFLAGS if EMCC_CFLAGS else '')
if EMCC_CFLAGS: sys.argv.append(EMCC_CFLAGS)

if DEBUG and LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: leaving inputs raw'

stdout = PIPE if not DEBUG else None # suppress output of child processes
stderr = PIPE if not DEBUG else None # unless we are in DEBUG mode

shared.check_sanity()

# Handle some global flags

if len(sys.argv) == 1:
  print 'emcc: no input files'
  exit(0)

if sys.argv[1] == '--version':
  print '''emcc (Emscripten GCC-like replacement) 2.0
Copyright (C) 2012 the Emscripten authors.
This is free and open source software under the MIT license.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  '''
  exit(0)
elif sys.argv[1] == '--help':
  this = os.path.basename('em++' if os.environ.get('EMMAKEN_CXX') else 'emcc')

  print '''%s [options] file...

Most normal gcc/g++ options will work, for example:
  --help                   Display this information
  --version                Display compiler version information

Options that are modified or new in %s include:
  -O0                      No optimizations (default)
  -O1                      Simple optimizations, including LLVM -O1
                           optimizations, and no runtime assertions
                           or C++ exception catching (to re-enable
                           C++ exception catching, use
                           -s DISABLE_EXCEPTION_CATCHING=0 ).
                           Note: Optimizations are only done when
                           compiling to JavaScript, not to intermediate
                           bitcode.
  -O2                      As -O1, plus the relooper (loop recreation),
                           plus closure compiler advanced opts, plus
                           LLVM -O2 optimizations
                           Warning: Compiling with this takes a long time!
  -O3                      As -O2, plus dangerous optimizations that may
                           break the generated code! If that happens, try
                           -O2 and then adding dangerous optimizations one
                           by one.

  -s OPTION=VALUE          JavaScript code generation option passed
                           into the emscripten compiler. For the
                           available options, see src/settings.js

  --typed-arrays <mode>    0: No typed arrays
                           1: Parallel typed arrays
                           2: Shared (C-like) typed arrays (default)

  --llvm-opts <level>      0: No LLVM optimizations (default in -O0)
                           1: -O1 LLVM optimizations (default in -O1)
                           2: -O2 LLVM optimizations
                           3: -O3 LLVM optimizations (default in -O2+)

  --llvm-lto <level>       0: No LLVM LTO (default in -O0)
                           1: LLVM LTO (default in -O1+)
                           Note: If LLVM optimizations are not run
                           (see --llvm-opts), setting this to 1 has no
                           effect.

  --closure <on>           0: No closure compiler (default in -O0, -O1)
                           1: Run closure compiler (default in -O2, -O3)

  --js-transform <cmd>     <cmd> will be called on the generated code
                           before it is optimized. This lets you modify
                           the JavaScript, for example adding some code
                           or removing some code, in a way that those
                           modifications will be optimized together with
                           the generated code properly. <cmd> will be
                           called with the filename of the generated
                           code as a parameter; to modify the code, you
                           can read the original data and then append to
                           it or overwrite it with the modified data.
                           <cmd> is interpreted as a space-separated
                           list of arguments, for example, <cmd> of
                           "python processor.py" will cause a python
                           script to be run.

  --pre-js <file>          A file whose contents are added before the
                           generated code. This is done *before*
                           optimization, so it will be minified
                           properly if closure compiler is run.

  --post-js <file>         A file whose contents are added after the
                           generated code This is done *before*
                           optimization, so it will be minified
                           properly if closure compiler is run.

  --embed-file <file>      A file to embed inside the generated
                           JavaScript. The compiled code will be able
                           to access the file in the current directory
                           with the same basename as given here (that is,
                           just the filename, without a path to it).
                           If a directory is passed here, its entire
                           contents will be embedded.

  --preload-file <name>    A file to preload before running the
                           compiled code asynchronously. Otherwise
                           similar to --embed-file, except that this
                           option is only relevant when generating
                           HTML (it uses asynchronous binary XHRs),
                           or JS that will be used in a web page.
                           If a directory is passed here, its entire
                           contents will be preloaded.
                           Preloaded files are stored in filename.data,
                           where filename.html is the main file you
                           are compiling to. To run your code, you
                           will need both the .html and the .data.

  --compression <codec>    Compress both the compiled code and embedded/
                           preloaded files. <codec> should be a triple,

                              <native_encoder>,<js_decoder>,<js_name>

                           where native_encoder is a native executable
                           that compresses stdin to stdout (the simplest
                           possible interface), js_decoder is a
                           JavaScript file that implements a decoder,
                           and js_name is the name of the function to
                           call in the decoder file (which should
                           receive an array/typed array and return
                           an array/typed array.
                           Compression only works when generating HTML.
                           When compression is on, all filed specified
                           to be preloaded are compressed in one big
                           archive, which is given the same name as the
                           output HTML but with suffix .data.compress

  --minify <on>            0: Do not minify the generated JavaScript's
                              whitespace (default if closure compiler
                              will not be run)
                           1: Minify the generated JavaScript's
                              whitespace (default if closure compiler
                              will be run). Note that this by itself
                              will not minify the code (closure does
                              that)

  --ignore-dynamic-linking Normally emcc will treat dynamic linking like
                           static linking, by linking in the code from
                           the dynamic library. This fails if the same
                           dynamic library is linked more than once.
                           With this option, dynamic linking is ignored,
                           which allows the build system to proceed without
                           errors. However, you will need to manually
                           link to the shared libraries later on yourself.

  --shell-file <path>      The path name to a skeleton HTML file used
                           when generating HTML output. The shell file
                           used needs to have this token inside it:
                           {{{ SCRIPT_CODE }}}
                           Note that this argument is ignored if a
                           target other than HTML is specified using
                           the -o option.

  --js-library <lib>       A JavaScript library to use in addition to
                           those in Emscripten's src/library_*

  -v                       Turns on verbose output. This will pass
                           -v to Clang, and also enable EMCC_DEBUG
                           to details emcc's operations

  --remove-duplicates      If set, will remove duplicate symbols when
                           linking. This can be useful because
                           llvm-link's behavior is not as permissive
                           as ld is.

The target file, if specified (-o <target>), defines what will
be generated:

  <name>.js                JavaScript (default)
  <name>.html              HTML with embedded JavaScript
  <name>.bc                LLVM bitcode
  <name>.o                 LLVM bitcode (same as .bc)

The -c option (which tells gcc not to run the linker) will
cause LLVM bitcode to be generated, as %s only generates
JavaScript in the final linking stage of building.

The input file(s) can be either source code files that
Clang can handle (C or C++), LLVM bitcode in binary form,
or LLVM assembly files in human-readable form.

emcc is affected by several environment variables. For details, view
the source of emcc (search for 'os.environ').

''' % (this, this, this)
  exit(0)
elif len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1] == '-v': # -v with no inputs
  print 'emcc (Emscripten GCC-like replacement) 2.0'
  exit(subprocess.call([shared.CLANG, '-v']))

# If this is a configure-type thing, do not compile to JavaScript, instead use clang
# to compile to a native binary (using our headers, so things make sense later)
CONFIGURE_CONFIG = os.environ.get('EMMAKEN_JUST_CONFIGURE') or 'conftest.c' in sys.argv
CMAKE_CONFIG = 'CMakeFiles/cmTryCompileExec.dir' in ' '.join(sys.argv)# or 'CMakeCCompilerId' in ' '.join(sys.argv)
if CONFIGURE_CONFIG or CMAKE_CONFIG:
  compiler = shared.CLANG
  if not ('CXXCompiler' in ' '.join(sys.argv) or os.environ.get('EMMAKEN_CXX')):
    compiler = shared.to_cc(compiler)
  cmd = [compiler] + shared.EMSDK_OPTS + ['-DEMSCRIPTEN'] + sys.argv[1:]
  if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc, just configuring: ', ' '.join(cmd)
  exit(subprocess.call(cmd))

if os.environ.get('EMMAKEN_COMPILER'):
  CXX = os.environ['EMMAKEN_COMPILER']
else:
  CXX = shared.CLANG

CC = shared.to_cc(CXX)

# If we got here from a redirection through emmakenxx.py, then force a C++ compiler here
if os.environ.get('EMMAKEN_CXX'):
  CC = CXX

CC_ADDITIONAL_ARGS = shared.COMPILER_OPTS # + ['-g']?

EMMAKEN_CFLAGS = os.environ.get('EMMAKEN_CFLAGS')
if EMMAKEN_CFLAGS: CC_ADDITIONAL_ARGS += shlex.split(EMMAKEN_CFLAGS)

# ---------------- Utilities ---------------

SOURCE_SUFFIXES = ('.c', '.cpp', '.cxx', '.cc')
BITCODE_SUFFIXES = ('.bc', '.o', '.obj')
DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES = ('.dylib', '.so', '.dll')
STATICLIB_SUFFIXES = ('.a',)
ASSEMBLY_SUFFIXES = ('.ll',)
LIB_PREFIXES = ('', 'lib')

seen_names = {}
def uniquename(name):
  if name not in seen_names:
    seen_names[name] = str(len(seen_names))
  return unsuffixed(name) + '_' + seen_names[name] + (('.' + suffix(name)) if suffix(name) else '')

# ---------------- End configs -------------

if len(sys.argv) == 1 or sys.argv[1] in ['x', 't']:
  # noop ar
  if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc, just ar'
  sys.exit(0)

use_cxx = True
header = False # pre-compiled headers. We fake that by just copying the file

for i in range(1, len(sys.argv)):
  arg = sys.argv[i]
  if not arg.startswith('-'):
    if arg.endswith('.c'):
      use_cxx = False
    if arg.endswith('.h') and sys.argv[i-1] != '-include':
      header = True

if '-M' in sys.argv or '-MM' in sys.argv:
  # Just output dependencies, do not compile. Warning: clang and gcc behave differently with -MF! (clang seems to not recognize it)
  cmd = [CC] + shared.COMPILER_OPTS + sys.argv[1:]
  if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc, just dependencies: ', ' '.join(cmd)
  exit(subprocess.call(cmd))

# Check if a target is specified
target = None
for i in range(len(sys.argv)-1):
  if sys.argv[i].startswith('-o='):
    raise Exception('Invalid syntax: do not use -o=X, use -o X')

  if sys.argv[i] == '-o':
    target = sys.argv[i+1]
    sys.argv = sys.argv[:i] + sys.argv[i+2:]
    break

if header: # header or such
  if len(sys.argv) >= 3: # if there is a source and a target, then copy, otherwise do nothing
    sys.argv = filter(lambda arg: not arg.startswith('-I'), sys.argv)
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'Just copy:', sys.argv[-1], target
    shutil.copy(sys.argv[-1], target)
  else:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'No-op.'
  exit(0)

if TEMP_DIR:
  temp_dir = TEMP_DIR
  if os.path.exists(temp_dir):
    shutil.rmtree(temp_dir) # clear it
  os.makedirs(temp_dir)
else:
  temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()

def in_temp(name):
  return os.path.join(temp_dir, os.path.basename(name))

try:
  call = CXX if use_cxx else CC

  ## Parse args

  newargs = sys.argv[1:]

  opt_level = 0
  llvm_opts = None
  llvm_lto = None
  closure = None
  js_transform = None
  pre_js = ''
  post_js = ''
  minify_whitespace = None
  preload_files = []
  embed_files = []
  compression = None
  ignore_dynamic_linking = False
  shell_path = shared.path_from_root('src', 'shell.html')
  js_libraries = []
  remove_duplicates = False

  def check_bad_eq(arg):
    assert '=' not in arg, 'Invalid parameter (do not use "=" with "--" options)'

  for i in range(len(newargs)):
    if newargs[i].startswith('-O'):
      try:
        opt_level = int(newargs[i][2])
        assert 0 <= opt_level <= 3
      except:
        raise Exception('Invalid optimization level: ' + newargs[i])
      newargs[i] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--llvm-opts'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      llvm_opts = eval(newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--llvm-lto'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      llvm_lto = eval(newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--closure'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      closure = int(newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--js-transform'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      js_transform = newargs[i+1]
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--pre-js'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      pre_js += open(newargs[i+1]).read() + '\n'
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--post-js'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      post_js += open(newargs[i+1]).read() + '\n'
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--minify'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      minify_whitespace = int(newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--embed-file'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      embed_files.append(newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--preload-file'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      preload_files.append(newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--compression'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      parts = newargs[i+1].split(',')
      assert len(parts) == 3, '--compression requires specifying    native_encoder,js_decoder,js_name  - see emcc --help. got: %s' % newargs[i+1]
      Compression.encoder = parts[0]
      Compression.decoder = parts[1]
      Compression.js_name = parts[2]
      assert os.path.exists(Compression.encoder), 'native encoder %s does not exist' % Compression.encoder
      assert os.path.exists(Compression.decoder), 'js decoder %s does not exist' % Compression.decoder
      Compression.on = True
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i] == '--ignore-dynamic-linking':
      ignore_dynamic_linking = True
      newargs[i] = ''
    elif newargs[i] == '-v':
      shared.COMPILER_OPTS += ['-v']
      DEBUG = 1
      newargs[i] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--shell-file'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      shell_path = newargs[i+1]
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--js-library'):
      check_bad_eq(newargs[i])
      js_libraries.append(newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
    elif newargs[i] == '--remove-duplicates':
      remove_duplicates = True
      newargs[i] = ''
  newargs = [ arg for arg in newargs if arg is not '' ]

  if llvm_opts is None: llvm_opts = LLVM_OPT_LEVEL[opt_level]
  if llvm_lto is None: llvm_lto = llvm_opts > 0
  if closure is None: closure = 1 if opt_level >= 2 else 0
  if minify_whitespace is None:
    minify_whitespace = closure # if closure is run, minify whitespace

  if closure:
    assert os.path.exists(shared.CLOSURE_COMPILER), 'emcc: fatal: Closure compiler (%s) does not exist' % shared.CLOSURE_COMPILER

  settings_changes = []
  for i in range(len(newargs)):
    if newargs[i] == '-s':
      if i+1 < len(newargs) and '=' in newargs[i+1]: # -s OPT=VALUE is for us, -s by itself is a linker option
        settings_changes.append(newargs[i+1])
        newargs[i] = newargs[i+1] = ''
      else:
        print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: warning: treating -s as linker option and not as -s OPT=VALUE for js compilation'
    elif newargs[i].startswith('--typed-arrays'):
      assert '=' not in newargs[i], 'Invalid typed arrays parameter (do not use "=")'
      settings_changes.append('USE_TYPED_ARRAYS=' + newargs[i+1])
      newargs[i] = ''
      newargs[i+1] = ''
  newargs = [ arg for arg in newargs if arg is not '' ]

  # Find input files

  input_files = []
  has_source_inputs = False
  lib_dirs = [shared.path_from_root('system', 'local', 'lib'),
              shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib')]
  libs = []
  for i in range(len(newargs)): # find input files XXX this a simple heuristic. we should really analyze based on a full understanding of gcc params,
                                # right now we just assume that what is left contains no more |-x OPT| things
    arg = newargs[i]

    if i > 0:
      prev = newargs[i-1]
      if prev in ['-MT', '-install_name']: continue # ignore this gcc-style argument

    if arg.endswith(SOURCE_SUFFIXES + BITCODE_SUFFIXES + DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES + ASSEMBLY_SUFFIXES) or shared.Building.is_ar(arg): # we already removed -o <target>, so all these should be inputs
      newargs[i] = ''
      if os.path.exists(arg):
        if arg.endswith(SOURCE_SUFFIXES):
          input_files.append(arg)
          has_source_inputs = True
        else:
          # this should be bitcode, make sure it is valid
          if arg.endswith(ASSEMBLY_SUFFIXES) or shared.Building.is_bitcode(arg):
            input_files.append(arg)
          elif arg.endswith(STATICLIB_SUFFIXES + DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES):
            # if it's not, and it's a library, just add it to libs to find later
            l = unsuffixed_basename(arg)
            for prefix in LIB_PREFIXES:
              if not prefix: continue
              if l.startswith(prefix):
                l = l[len(prefix):]
                break;
            libs.append(l)
            newargs[i] = ''
          else:
            print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: %s: warning: Not valid LLVM bitcode' % arg
      else:
        print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: %s: warning: No such file or directory' % arg
    elif arg.startswith('-L'):
      lib_dirs.append(arg[2:])
      newargs[i] = ''
    elif arg.startswith('-l'):
      libs.append(arg[2:])
      newargs[i] = ''

  original_input_files = input_files[:]

  newargs = [ arg for arg in newargs if arg is not '' ]

  # Find library files
  for lib in libs:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: looking for library "%s"' % lib
    found = False
    for prefix in LIB_PREFIXES:
      for suff in STATICLIB_SUFFIXES + DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES:
        name = prefix + lib + suff
        for lib_dir in lib_dirs:
          path = os.path.join(lib_dir, name)
          if os.path.exists(path):
            if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: found library "%s" at %s' % (lib, path)
            input_files.append(path)
            found = True
            break
        if found: break
      if found: break

  if ignore_dynamic_linking:
    input_files = filter(lambda input_file: not input_file.endswith(DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES), input_files)

  if len(input_files) == 0:
    print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: no input files'
    print >> sys.stderr, 'note that input files without a known suffix are ignored, make sure your input files end with one of: ' + str(SOURCE_SUFFIXES + BITCODE_SUFFIXES + DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES + STATICLIB_SUFFIXES + ASSEMBLY_SUFFIXES)
    exit(0)

  newargs += CC_ADDITIONAL_ARGS

  specified_target = target
  target = specified_target if specified_target is not None else 'a.out.js' # specified_target is the user-specified one, target is what we will generate

  target_basename = unsuffixed_basename(target)

  # -c means do not link in gcc, and for us, the parallel is to not go all the way to JS, but stop at bitcode
  has_dash_c = '-c' in newargs
  if has_dash_c:
    assert has_source_inputs, 'Must have source code inputs to use -c'
    target = target_basename + '.o'

  if '.' in target:
    final_suffix = target.split('.')[-1]
  else:
    final_suffix = ''

  assert not (Compression.on and final_suffix != 'html'), 'Compression only works when generating HTML'

  # Apply optimization level settings
  shared.Settings.apply_opt_level(opt_level, noisy=True)

  # Apply -s settings in newargs here (after optimization levels, so they can override them)
  for change in settings_changes:
    key, value = change.split('=')
    exec('shared.Settings.' + key + ' = ' + value)

  ## Compile source code to bitcode

  if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: compiling to bitcode'

  temp_files = []

  # First, generate LLVM bitcode. For each input file, we get base.o with bitcode
  for input_file in input_files:
    if input_file.endswith(SOURCE_SUFFIXES):
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: compiling source file: ', input_file
      output_file = in_temp(unsuffixed(uniquename(input_file)) + '.o')
      temp_files.append(output_file)
      args = newargs + ['-emit-llvm', '-c', input_file, '-o', output_file]
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, "emcc running:", call, ' '.join(args)
      execute([call] + args) # let compiler frontend print directly, so colors are saved (PIPE kills that)
      if not os.path.exists(output_file):
        print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: compiler frontend failed to generate LLVM bitcode, halting'
        sys.exit(1)
    else: # bitcode
      if input_file.endswith(BITCODE_SUFFIXES):
        if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: copying bitcode file: ', input_file
        temp_file = in_temp(unsuffixed(uniquename(input_file)) + '.o')
        shutil.copyfile(input_file, temp_file)
        temp_files.append(temp_file)
      elif input_file.endswith(DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES) or shared.Building.is_ar(input_file):
        if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: copying library file: ', input_file
        temp_file = in_temp(uniquename(input_file))
        shutil.copyfile(input_file, temp_file)
        temp_files.append(temp_file)
      else: #.ll
        if not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW:
          # Note that by assembling the .ll file, then disassembling it later, we will
          # remove annotations which is a good thing for compilation time
          if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: assembling assembly file: ', input_file
          temp_file = in_temp(unsuffixed(uniquename(input_file)) + '.o')
          shared.Building.llvm_as(input_file, temp_file)
          temp_files.append(temp_file)

  if not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW: assert len(temp_files) == len(input_files)

  # If we were just asked to generate bitcode, stop there
  if final_suffix not in ['js', 'html']:
    if llvm_opts > 0:
      print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: warning: -Ox flags ignored, since not generating JavaScript'
    if not specified_target:
      for input_file in input_files:
        shutil.move(in_temp(unsuffixed(uniquename(input_file)) + '.o'), unsuffixed_basename(input_file) + '.' + final_suffix)
    else:
      if len(input_files) == 1:
        shutil.move(in_temp(unsuffixed(uniquename(input_files[0])) + '.o'), specified_target)
      else:
        assert len(original_input_files) == 1 or not has_dash_c, 'fatal error: cannot specify -o with -c with multiple files' + str(sys.argv) + ':' + str(original_input_files)
        # We have a specified target (-o <target>), which is not JavaScript or HTML, and
        # we have multiple files: Link them
        if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: link: ' + str(temp_files)
        shared.Building.link(temp_files, specified_target, remove_duplicates=remove_duplicates)
    exit(0)

  ## Continue on to create JavaScript

  if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: will generate JavaScript'

  extra_files_to_link = []

  if not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW and not AUTODEBUG:
    # Check if we need to include some libraries that we compile. (We implement libc ourselves in js, but
    # compile a malloc implementation and stdlibc++.)
    # Note that we assume a single symbol is enough to know if we have/do not have dlmalloc etc. If you
    # include just a few symbols but want the rest, this will not work.

    # dlmalloc
    def create_dlmalloc():
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: building dlmalloc for cache'
      execute(shared.ENV_PREFIX + ['python', shared.EMCC, shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib', 'dlmalloc.c'), '-g', '-o', in_temp('dlmalloc.o')], stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr)
      # we include the libc++ new stuff here, so that the common case of using just new/delete is quick to link
      execute(shared.ENV_PREFIX + ['python', shared.EMXX, shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib', 'libcxx', 'new.cpp'), '-g', '-o', in_temp('new.o')], stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr)
      shared.Building.link([in_temp('dlmalloc.o'), in_temp('new.o')], in_temp('dlmalloc_full.o'))
      return in_temp('dlmalloc_full.o')
    def fix_dlmalloc():
      # dlmalloc needs some sign correction. # If we are in mode 0, switch to 2. We will add our lines
      try:
        if shared.Settings.CORRECT_SIGNS == 0: raise Exception('we need to change to 2')
      except: # we fail if equal to 0 - so we need to switch to 2 - or if CORRECT_SIGNS is not even in Settings
        shared.Settings.CORRECT_SIGNS = 2
      if shared.Settings.CORRECT_SIGNS == 2:
        shared.Settings.CORRECT_SIGNS_LINES = [shared.path_from_root('src', 'dlmalloc.c') + ':' + str(i+4) for i in [4816, 4191, 4246, 4199, 4205, 4235, 4227]]
      # If we are in mode 1, we are correcting everything anyhow. If we are in mode 3, we will be corrected
      # so all is well anyhow too.
    # XXX We also need to add libc symbols that use malloc, for example strdup. It's very rare to use just them and not
    #     a normal malloc symbol (like free, after calling strdup), so we haven't hit this yet, but it is possible.
    dlmalloc_symbols = open(shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib', 'dlmalloc.symbols')).read().split('\n')

    # libcxx
    def create_libcxx():
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: building libcxx for cache'
      shared.Building.build_library('libcxx', shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR, shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR, ['libcxx.bc'], configure=None, copy_project=True, source_dir=shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib', 'libcxx'))
      return os.path.join(shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR, 'libcxx', 'libcxx.bc')
    def fix_libcxx():
      assert shared.Settings.QUANTUM_SIZE == 4, 'We do not support libc++ with QUANTUM_SIZE == 1'
      # libcxx might need corrections, so turn them all on. TODO: check which are actually needed
      shared.Settings.CORRECT_SIGNS = shared.Settings.CORRECT_OVERFLOWS = shared.Settings.CORRECT_ROUNDINGS = 1
      #print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: info: using libcxx turns on CORRECT_* options'
    libcxx_symbols = map(lambda line: line.strip().split(' ')[1], open(shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib', 'libcxx', 'symbols')).readlines())
    libcxx_symbols = filter(lambda symbol: symbol not in dlmalloc_symbols, libcxx_symbols)
    libcxx_symbols = set(libcxx_symbols)

    # libcxxabi - just for dynamic_cast for now
    def create_libcxxabi():
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: building libcxxabi for cache'
      shared.Building.build_library('libcxxabi', shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR, shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR, ['libcxxabi.bc'], configure=None, copy_project=True, source_dir=shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib', 'libcxxabi'))
      return os.path.join(shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR, 'libcxxabi', 'libcxxabi.bc')
    def fix_libcxxabi():
      assert shared.Settings.QUANTUM_SIZE == 4, 'We do not support libc++abi with QUANTUM_SIZE == 1'
      #print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: info: using libcxxabi, this may need CORRECT_* options'
      #shared.Settings.CORRECT_SIGNS = shared.Settings.CORRECT_OVERFLOWS = shared.Settings.CORRECT_ROUNDINGS = 1
    libcxxabi_symbols = map(lambda line: line.strip().split(' ')[1], open(shared.path_from_root('system', 'lib', 'libcxxabi', 'symbols')).readlines())
    libcxxabi_symbols = filter(lambda symbol: symbol not in dlmalloc_symbols, libcxxabi_symbols)
    libcxxabi_symbols = set(libcxxabi_symbols)

    force = False # If we have libcxx, we must force inclusion of dlmalloc, since libcxx uses new internally. Note: this is kind of hacky

    for name, create, fix, library_symbols in [('libcxx',    create_libcxx,    fix_libcxx,    libcxx_symbols),
                                               ('libcxxabi', create_libcxxabi, fix_libcxxabi, libcxxabi_symbols),
                                               ('dlmalloc',  create_dlmalloc,  fix_dlmalloc,  dlmalloc_symbols)]:
      need = []
      has = []
      for temp_file in temp_files:
        symbols = shared.Building.llvm_nm(temp_file)
        for library_symbol in library_symbols:
          if library_symbol in symbols.undefs:
            need.append(library_symbol)
          if library_symbol in symbols.defs:
            has.append(library_symbol)
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: considering including %s: we need |%s| and have |%s|' % (name, str(need), str(has))
      if force or (need and not has):
        # We need to build and link the library in
        if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: including %s' % name
        extra_files_to_link.append(shared.Cache.get(name, create))
        force = True
        if fix:
          fix()

  # First, combine the bitcode files if there are several. We must also link if we have a singleton .a
  if len(input_files) + len(extra_files_to_link) > 1 or \
     (not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW and not (suffix(temp_files[0]) in BITCODE_SUFFIXES or suffix(temp_files[0]) in DYNAMICLIB_SUFFIXES) and shared.Building.is_ar(temp_files[0])):
    linker_inputs = temp_files + extra_files_to_link
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: linking: ', linker_inputs
    shared.Building.link(linker_inputs, in_temp(target_basename + '.bc'), remove_duplicates=remove_duplicates)
    final = in_temp(target_basename + '.bc')
  else:
    if not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW:
      shutil.move(temp_files[0], in_temp(target_basename + '.bc'))
      final = in_temp(target_basename + '.bc')
    else:
      final = input_files[0]

  if DEBUG:
    print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: saving intermediate processing steps to %s' % shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR

    intermediate_counter = 0
    def save_intermediate(name=None, suffix='js'):
      global intermediate_counter
      shutil.copyfile(final, os.path.join(shared.EMSCRIPTEN_TEMP_DIR, 'emcc-%d%s.%s' % (intermediate_counter, '' if name is None else '-' + name, suffix)))
      intermediate_counter += 1

    if not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW: save_intermediate('basebc', 'bc')

  # Optimize, if asked to
  if llvm_opts > 0 and not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: LLVM -O%d' % llvm_opts
    shared.Building.llvm_opt(in_temp(target_basename + '.bc'), llvm_opts)
    if DEBUG: save_intermediate('opt', 'bc')
    # Do LTO in a separate pass to work around LLVM bug XXX (see failure e.g. in cubescript)
    if llvm_lto and shared.Building.can_use_unsafe_opts() and shared.Building.can_build_standalone():
      lto_opts = []
      if not shared.Building.can_inline(): lto_opts.append('-disable-inlining')
      lto_opts.append('-std-link-opts')
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: LLVM LTO:', lto_opts
      shared.Building.llvm_opt(in_temp(target_basename + '.bc'), lto_opts)
      if DEBUG: save_intermediate('lto', 'bc')
  else:
    # If possible, remove dead functions etc., this potentially saves a lot in the size of the generated code (and the time to compile it)
    if not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW and shared.Building.can_build_standalone():
      if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: LLVM dead globals elimination'
      shared.Building.llvm_opt(in_temp(target_basename + '.bc'), ['-internalize', '-globaldce'])
      if DEBUG: save_intermediate('dce', 'bc')

  # Prepare .ll for Emscripten
  if not LEAVE_INPUTS_RAW:
    final = shared.Building.llvm_dis(final, final + '.ll')
  else:
    assert len(input_files) == 1
  if DEBUG: save_intermediate('ll', 'll')

  if AUTODEBUG:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: autodebug'
    execute(shared.ENV_PREFIX + ['python', shared.AUTODEBUGGER, final, final + '.ad.ll'])
    final += '.ad.ll'
    if DEBUG: save_intermediate('autodebug', 'll')

  # Emscripten
  if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: LLVM => JS'
  extra_args = [] if not js_libraries else ['--libraries', ','.join(map(os.path.abspath, js_libraries))]
  final = shared.Building.emscripten(final, append_ext=False, extra_args=extra_args)
  if DEBUG: save_intermediate('original')

  # Embed and preload files
  if len(preload_files) + len(embed_files) > 0:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: setting up files'
    file_args = []
    if len(preload_files) > 0:
      file_args.append('--preload')
      file_args += preload_files
    if len(embed_files) > 0:
      file_args.append('--embed')
      file_args += embed_files
    if Compression.on:
      file_args += ['--compress', Compression.encoder, Compression.decoder, Compression.js_name]
    code = execute(shared.ENV_PREFIX + ['python', shared.FILE_PACKAGER, unsuffixed(target) + '.data'] + file_args, stdout=PIPE)[0]
    src = open(final).read().replace('// {{PRE_RUN_ADDITIONS}}', code)
    final += '.files.js'
    open(final, 'w').write(src)
    if DEBUG: save_intermediate('files')

  # Apply pre and postjs files
  if pre_js or post_js:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: applying pre/postjses'
    src = open(final).read()
    final += '.pp.js'
    open(final, 'w').write(pre_js + src + post_js)
    if DEBUG: save_intermediate('pre-post')

  # Apply a source code transformation, if requested
  if js_transform:
    shutil.copyfile(final, final + '.tr.js')
    final += '.tr.js'
    posix = True if not shared.WINDOWS else False
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: applying transform: %s' % js_transform
    execute(shlex.split(js_transform, posix=posix) + [os.path.abspath(final)])
    if DEBUG: save_intermediate('transformed')

  # It is useful to run several js optimizer passes together, to save on unneeded unparsing/reparsing
  js_optimizer_queue = []
  def flush_js_optimizer_queue():
    global final, js_optimizer_queue
    if len(js_optimizer_queue) > 0:
      if not DEBUG:
        final = shared.Building.js_optimizer(final, js_optimizer_queue)
      else:
        for name in js_optimizer_queue:
          print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: applying js optimization pass:', name
          final = shared.Building.js_optimizer(final, [name])
          save_intermediate(name)
      js_optimizer_queue = []

  if opt_level >= 1:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: running pre-closure post-opts'

    if DEBUG:
      # Clean up the syntax a bit
      final = shared.Building.js_optimizer(final, [])
      if DEBUG: save_intermediate('pretty')

    if shared.Settings.RELOOP:
      js_optimizer_queue += ['hoistMultiples', 'loopOptimizer']

    flush_js_optimizer_queue()

    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: running variable eliminator'
    final = shared.Building.eliminator(final)
    if DEBUG: save_intermediate('eliminator')

    js_optimizer_queue += ['simplifyExpressionsPre']
    if shared.Settings.RELOOP:
      js_optimizer_queue += ['optimizeShiftsAggressive'] # aggressive shifts optimization requires loops, it breaks on switches
      flush_js_optimizer_queue()
      final = shared.Building.eliminator(final) # aggressive shifts optimization introduces some new variables, remove ones that we can
      if DEBUG: save_intermediate('eliminator')

  if closure:
    flush_js_optimizer_queue()

    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: running closure'
    final = shared.Building.closure_compiler(final)
    if DEBUG: save_intermediate('closure')

  if opt_level >= 1:
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: running post-closure post-opts'
    js_optimizer_queue += ['simplifyExpressionsPost']

  if minify_whitespace:
    js_optimizer_queue += ['compress']

  flush_js_optimizer_queue()

  # If we were asked to also generate HTML, do that
  if final_suffix == 'html':
    if DEBUG: print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc: generating HTML'
    shell = open(shell_path).read()
    html = open(target, 'w')
    if not Compression.on:
      html.write(shell.replace('{{{ SCRIPT_CODE }}}', open(final).read()))
    else:
      # Compress the main code
      js_target = unsuffixed(target) + '.js'
      shutil.move(final, js_target)
      Compression.compress(js_target)

      # Run the decompressor in a worker, and add code to
      #   1. download the compressed file
      #   2. decompress to a typed array
      #   3. convert to a string of source code
      #   4. insert a script element with that source code (more effective than eval)
      decoding = '''
        var decompressWorker = new Worker('decompress.js');
        var decompressCallbacks = [];
        var decompressions = 0;
        Module["decompress"] = function(data, callback) {
          var id = decompressCallbacks.length;
          decompressCallbacks.push(callback);
          decompressWorker.postMessage({ data: data, id: id });
          if (Module['setStatus']) {
            decompressions++;
            Module['setStatus']('Decompressing...');
          }
        };
        decompressWorker.onmessage = function(event) {
          decompressCallbacks[event.data.id](event.data.data);
          decompressCallbacks[event.data.id] = null;
          if (Module['setStatus']) {
            decompressions--;
            if (decompressions == 0) {
              Module['setStatus']('');
            }
          }
        };
        var compiledCodeXHR = new XMLHttpRequest();
        compiledCodeXHR.open('GET', '%s', true);
        compiledCodeXHR.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
        compiledCodeXHR.onload = function() {
          var arrayBuffer = compiledCodeXHR.response;
          if (!arrayBuffer) throw('Loading compressed code failed.');
          var byteArray = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);
          Module.decompress(byteArray, function(decompressed) {
            var source = Array.prototype.slice.apply(decompressed).map(function(x) { return String.fromCharCode(x) }).join(''); // createObjectURL instead?
            var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');
            scriptTag.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript');
            scriptTag.innerHTML = source;
            document.body.appendChild(scriptTag);
          });
        };
        compiledCodeXHR.send(null);
''' % Compression.compressed_name(js_target)
      html.write(shell.replace('{{{ SCRIPT_CODE }}}', decoding))

      # Add decompressor with web worker glue code
      decompressor = open('decompress.js', 'w')
      decompressor.write(open(Compression.decoder).read())
      decompressor.write('''
        onmessage = function(event) {
          postMessage({ data: %s(event.data.data), id: event.data.id });
        };
''' % Compression.js_name)
      decompressor.close()

    html.close()
  else:
    # copy final JS to output
    shutil.move(final, target)

finally:
  if not TEMP_DIR:
    try:
      shutil.rmtree(temp_dir)
    except:
      pass
  else:
    print >> sys.stderr, 'emcc saved files are in:', temp_dir