/* * linux/kernel/time/tick-sched.c * * Copyright(C) 2005-2006, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> * Copyright(C) 2005-2007, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar * Copyright(C) 2006-2007 Timesys Corp., Thomas Gleixner * * No idle tick implementation for low and high resolution timers * * Started by: Thomas Gleixner and Ingo Molnar * * Distribute under GPLv2. */ #include <linux/cpu.h> #include <linux/err.h> #include <linux/hrtimer.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/kernel_stat.h> #include <linux/percpu.h> #include <linux/profile.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/tick.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <asm/irq_regs.h> #include "tick-internal.h" /* * Per cpu nohz control structure */ static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tick_sched, tick_cpu_sched); /* * The time, when the last jiffy update happened. Protected by xtime_lock. */ static ktime_t last_jiffies_update; struct tick_sched *tick_get_tick_sched(int cpu) { return &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); } /* * Must be called with interrupts disabled ! */ static void tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_t now) { unsigned long ticks = 0; ktime_t delta; /* * Do a quick check without holding xtime_lock: */ delta = ktime_sub(now, last_jiffies_update); if (delta.tv64 < tick_period.tv64) return; /* Reevalute with xtime_lock held */ write_seqlock(&xtime_lock); delta = ktime_sub(now, last_jiffies_update); if (delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64) { delta = ktime_sub(delta, tick_period); last_jiffies_update = ktime_add(last_jiffies_update, tick_period); /* Slow path for long timeouts */ if (unlikely(delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64)) { s64 incr = ktime_to_ns(tick_period); ticks = ktime_divns(delta, incr); last_jiffies_update = ktime_add_ns(last_jiffies_update, incr * ticks); } do_timer(++ticks); /* Keep the tick_next_period variable up to date */ tick_next_period = ktime_add(last_jiffies_update, tick_period); } write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock); } /* * Initialize and return retrieve the jiffies update. */ static ktime_t tick_init_jiffy_update(void) { ktime_t period; write_seqlock(&xtime_lock); /* Did we start the jiffies update yet ? */ if (last_jiffies_update.tv64 == 0) last_jiffies_update = tick_next_period; period = last_jiffies_update; write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock); return period; } /* * NOHZ - aka dynamic tick functionality */ #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ /* * NO HZ enabled ? */ static int tick_nohz_enabled __read_mostly = 1; /* * Enable / Disable tickless mode */ static int __init setup_tick_nohz(char *str) { if (!strcmp(str, "off")) tick_nohz_enabled = 0; else if (!strcmp(str, "on")) tick_nohz_enabled = 1; else return 0; return 1; } __setup("nohz=", setup_tick_nohz); /** * tick_nohz_update_jiffies - update jiffies when idle was interrupted * * Called from interrupt entry when the CPU was idle * * In case the sched_tick was stopped on this CPU, we have to check if jiffies * must be updated. Otherwise an interrupt handler could use a stale jiffy * value. We do this unconditionally on any cpu, as we don't know whether the * cpu, which has the update task assigned is in a long sleep. */ void tick_nohz_update_jiffies(void) { int cpu = smp_processor_id(); struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); unsigned long flags; ktime_t now; if (!ts->tick_stopped) return; cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask); now = ktime_get(); ts->idle_waketime = now; local_irq_save(flags); tick_do_update_jiffies64(now); local_irq_restore(flags); touch_softlockup_watchdog(); } static void tick_nohz_stop_idle(int cpu) { struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); if (ts->idle_active) { ktime_t now, delta; now = ktime_get(); delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime); ts->idle_lastupdate = now; ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta); ts->idle_active = 0; sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event(0); } } static ktime_t tick_nohz_start_idle(struct tick_sched *ts) { ktime_t now, delta; now = ktime_get(); if (ts->idle_active) { delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime); ts->idle_lastupdate = now; ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta); } ts->idle_entrytime = now; ts->idle_active = 1; sched_clock_idle_sleep_event(); return now; } u64 get_cpu_idle_time_us(int cpu, u64 *last_update_time) { struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); if (!tick_nohz_enabled) return -1; if (ts->idle_active) *last_update_time = ktime_to_us(ts->idle_lastupdate); else *last_update_time = ktime_to_us(ktime_get()); return ktime_to_us(ts->idle_sleeptime); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_cpu_idle_time_us); /** * tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick - stop the idle tick from the idle task * * When the next event is more than a tick into the future, stop the idle tick * Called either from the idle loop or from irq_exit() when an idle period was * just interrupted by an interrupt which did not cause a reschedule. */ void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(int inidle) { unsigned long seq, last_jiffies, next_jiffies, delta_jiffies, flags; struct tick_sched *ts; ktime_t last_update, expires, now; struct clock_event_device *dev = __get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_device).evtdev; int cpu; local_irq_save(flags); cpu = smp_processor_id(); ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); now = tick_nohz_start_idle(ts); /* * If this cpu is offline and it is the one which updates * jiffies, then give up the assignment and let it be taken by * the cpu which runs the tick timer next. If we don't drop * this here the jiffies might be stale and do_timer() never * invoked. */ if (unlikely(!cpu_online(cpu))) { if (cpu == tick_do_timer_cpu) tick_do_timer_cpu = TICK_DO_TIMER_NONE; } if (unlikely(ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE)) goto end; if (!inidle && !ts->inidle) goto end; ts->inidle = 1; if (need_resched()) goto end; if (unlikely(local_softirq_pending())) { static int ratelimit; if (ratelimit < 10) { printk(KERN_ERR "NOHZ: local_softirq_pending %02x\n", local_softirq_pending()); ratelimit++; } goto end; } ts->idle_calls++; /* Read jiffies and the time when jiffies were updated last */ do { seq = read_seqbegin(&xtime_lock); last_update = last_jiffies_update; last_jiffies = jiffies; } while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq)); /* Get the next timer wheel timer */ next_jiffies = get_next_timer_interrupt(last_jiffies); delta_jiffies = next_jiffies - last_jiffies; if (rcu_needs_cpu(cpu) || printk_needs_cpu(cpu)) delta_jiffies = 1; /* * Do not stop the tick, if we are only one off * or if the cpu is required for rcu */ if (!ts->tick_stopped && delta_jiffies == 1) goto out; /* Schedule the tick, if we are at least one jiffie off */ if ((long)delta_jiffies >= 1) { if (delta_jiffies > 1) cpu_set(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask); /* * nohz_stop_sched_tick can be called several times before * the nohz_restart_sched_tick is called. This happens when * interrupts arrive which do not cause a reschedule. In the * first call we save the current tick time, so we can restart * the scheduler tick in nohz_restart_sched_tick. */ if (!ts->tick_stopped) { if (select_nohz_load_balancer(1)) { /* * sched tick not stopped! */ cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask); goto out; } ts->idle_tick = hrtimer_get_expires(&ts->sched_timer); ts->tick_stopped = 1; ts->idle_jiffies = last_jiffies; rcu_enter_nohz(); } /* * If this cpu is the one which updates jiffies, then * give up the assignment and let it be taken by the * cpu which runs the tick timer next, which might be * this cpu as well. If we don't drop this here the * jiffies might be stale and do_timer() never * invoked. */ if (cpu == tick_do_timer_cpu) tick_do_timer_cpu = TICK_DO_TIMER_NONE; ts->idle_sleeps++; /* * delta_jiffies >= NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA signals that * there is no timer pending or at least extremly far * into the future (12 days for HZ=1000). In this case * we simply stop the tick timer: */ if (unlikely(delta_jiffies >= NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA)) { ts->idle_expires.tv64 = KTIME_MAX; if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer); goto out; } /* * calculate the expiry time for the next timer wheel * timer */ expires = ktime_add_ns(last_update, tick_period.tv64 * delta_jiffies); ts->idle_expires = expires; if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) { hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer, expires, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS); /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */ if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer)) goto out; } else if (!tick_program_event(expires, 0)) goto out; /* * We are past the event already. So we crossed a * jiffie boundary. Update jiffies and raise the * softirq. */ tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_get()); cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask); } raise_softirq_irqoff(TIMER_SOFTIRQ); out: ts->next_jiffies = next_jiffies; ts->last_jiffies = last_jiffies; ts->sleep_length = ktime_sub(dev->next_event, now); end: local_irq_restore(flags); } /** * tick_nohz_get_sleep_length - return the length of the current sleep * * Called from power state control code with interrupts disabled */ ktime_t tick_nohz_get_sleep_length(void) { struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched); return ts->sleep_length; } static void tick_nohz_restart(struct tick_sched *ts, ktime_t now) { hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer); hrtimer_set_expires(&ts->sched_timer, ts->idle_tick); while (1) { /* Forward the time to expire in the future */ hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period); if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) { hrtimer_start_expires(&ts->sched_timer, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS); /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */ if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer)) break; } else { if (!tick_program_event( hrtimer_get_expires(&ts->sched_timer), 0)) break; } /* Update jiffies and reread time */ tick_do_update_jiffies64(now); now = ktime_get(); } } /** * tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick - restart the idle tick from the idle task * * Restart the idle tick when the CPU is woken up from idle */ void tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick(void) { int cpu = smp_processor_id(); struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); unsigned long ticks; ktime_t now; local_irq_disable(); tick_nohz_stop_idle(cpu); if (!ts->inidle || !ts->tick_stopped) { ts->inidle = 0; local_irq_enable(); return; } ts->inidle = 0; rcu_exit_nohz(); /* Update jiffies first */ select_nohz_load_balancer(0); now = ktime_get(); tick_do_update_jiffies64(now); cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask); /* * We stopped the tick in idle. Update process times would miss the * time we slept as update_process_times does only a 1 tick * accounting. Enforce that this is accounted to idle ! */ ticks = jiffies - ts->idle_jiffies; /* * We might be one off. Do not randomly account a huge number of ticks! */ if (ticks && ticks < LONG_MAX) { add_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET); account_system_time(current, HARDIRQ_OFFSET, jiffies_to_cputime(ticks)); sub_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET); } touch_softlockup_watchdog(); /* * Cancel the scheduled timer and restore the tick */ ts->tick_stopped = 0; ts->idle_exittime = now; tick_nohz_restart(ts, now); local_irq_enable(); } static int tick_nohz_reprogram(struct tick_sched *ts, ktime_t now) { hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period); return tick_program_event(hrtimer_get_expires(&ts->sched_timer), 0); } /* * The nohz low res interrupt handler */ static void tick_nohz_handler(struct clock_event_device *dev) { struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched); struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs(); int cpu = smp_processor_id(); ktime_t now = ktime_get(); dev->next_event.tv64 = KTIME_MAX; /* * Check if the do_timer duty was dropped. We don't care about * concurrency: This happens only when the cpu in charge went * into a long sleep. If two cpus happen to assign themself to * this duty, then the jiffies update is still serialized by * xtime_lock. */ if (unlikely(tick_do_timer_cpu == TICK_DO_TIMER_NONE)) tick_do_timer_cpu = cpu; /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */ if (tick_do_timer_cpu == cpu) tick_do_update_jiffies64(now); /* * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start * of idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we * do when we go busy again does not account too much ticks. */ if (ts->tick_stopped) { touch_softlockup_watchdog(); ts->idle_jiffies++; } update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); while (tick_nohz_reprogram(ts, now)) { now = ktime_get(); tick_do_update_jiffies64(now); } } /** * tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz - switch to nohz mode */ static void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void) { struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched); ktime_t next; if (!tick_nohz_enabled) return; local_irq_disable(); if (tick_switch_to_oneshot(tick_nohz_handler)) { local_irq_enable(); return; } ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_LOWRES; /* * Recycle the hrtimer in ts, so we can share the * hrtimer_forward with the highres code. */ hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS); /* Get the next period */ next = tick_init_jiffy_update(); for (;;) { hrtimer_set_expires(&ts->sched_timer, next); if (!tick_program_event(next, 0)) break; next = ktime_add(next, tick_period); } local_irq_enable(); printk(KERN_INFO "Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #%d\n", smp_processor_id()); } /* * When NOHZ is enabled and the tick is stopped, we need to kick the * tick timer from irq_enter() so that the jiffies update is kept * alive during long running softirqs. That's ugly as hell, but * correctness is key even if we need to fix the offending softirq in * the first place. * * Note, this is different to tick_nohz_restart. We just kick the * timer and do not touch the other magic bits which need to be done * when idle is left. */ static void tick_nohz_kick_tick(int cpu) { #if 0 /* Switch back to 2.6.27 behaviour */ struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); ktime_t delta, now; if (!ts->tick_stopped) return; /* * Do not touch the tick device, when the next expiry is either * already reached or less/equal than the tick period. */ now = ktime_get(); delta = ktime_sub(hrtimer_get_expires(&ts->sched_timer), now); if (delta.tv64 <= tick_period.tv64) return; tick_nohz_restart(ts, now); #endif } #else static inline void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void) { } #endif /* NO_HZ */ /* * Called from irq_enter to notify about the possible interruption of idle() */ void tick_check_idle(int cpu) { tick_check_oneshot_broadcast(cpu); #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ tick_nohz_stop_idle(cpu); tick_nohz_update_jiffies(); tick_nohz_kick_tick(cpu); #endif } /* * High resolution timer specific code */ #ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS /* * We rearm the timer until we get disabled by the idle code. * Called with interrupts disabled and timer->base->cpu_base->lock held. */ static enum hrtimer_restart tick_sched_timer(struct hrtimer *timer) { struct tick_sched *ts = container_of(timer, struct tick_sched, sched_timer); struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs(); ktime_t now = ktime_get(); int cpu = smp_processor_id(); #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ /* * Check if the do_timer duty was dropped. We don't care about * concurrency: This happens only when the cpu in charge went * into a long sleep. If two cpus happen to assign themself to * this duty, then the jiffies update is still serialized by * xtime_lock. */ if (unlikely(tick_do_timer_cpu == TICK_DO_TIMER_NONE)) tick_do_timer_cpu = cpu; #endif /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */ if (tick_do_timer_cpu == cpu) tick_do_update_jiffies64(now); /* * Do not call, when we are not in irq context and have * no valid regs pointer */ if (regs) { /* * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start of * idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we do * when we go busy again does not account too much ticks. */ if (ts->tick_stopped) { touch_softlockup_watchdog(); ts->idle_jiffies++; } update_process_times(user_mode(regs)); profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); } hrtimer_forward(timer, now, tick_period); return HRTIMER_RESTART; } /** * tick_setup_sched_timer - setup the tick emulation timer */ void tick_setup_sched_timer(void) { struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched); ktime_t now = ktime_get(); u64 offset; /* * Emulate tick processing via per-CPU hrtimers: */ hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS); ts->sched_timer.function = tick_sched_timer; ts->sched_timer.cb_mode = HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_PERCPU; /* Get the next period (per cpu) */ hrtimer_set_expires(&ts->sched_timer, tick_init_jiffy_update()); offset = ktime_to_ns(tick_period) >> 1; do_div(offset, num_possible_cpus()); offset *= smp_processor_id(); hrtimer_add_expires_ns(&ts->sched_timer, offset); for (;;) { hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period); hrtimer_start_expires(&ts->sched_timer, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS); /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */ if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer)) break; now = ktime_get(); } #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ if (tick_nohz_enabled) ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES; #endif } #endif /* HIGH_RES_TIMERS */ #if defined CONFIG_NO_HZ || defined CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS void tick_cancel_sched_timer(int cpu) { struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu); # ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS if (ts->sched_timer.base) hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer); # endif ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE; } #endif /** * Async notification about clocksource changes */ void tick_clock_notify(void) { int cpu; for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) set_bit(0, &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu).check_clocks); } /* * Async notification about clock event changes */ void tick_oneshot_notify(void) { struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched); set_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks); } /** * Check, if a change happened, which makes oneshot possible. * * Called cyclic from the hrtimer softirq (driven by the timer * softirq) allow_nohz signals, that we can switch into low-res nohz * mode, because high resolution timers are disabled (either compile * or runtime). */ int tick_check_oneshot_change(int allow_nohz) { struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched); if (!test_and_clear_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks)) return 0; if (ts->nohz_mode != NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE) return 0; if (!timekeeping_valid_for_hres() || !tick_is_oneshot_available()) return 0; if (!allow_nohz) return 1; tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(); return 0; }