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commit 29f6738609e40227dabcc63bfb3b84b3726a75bd upstream.
memblock_free_reserved_regions() calls memblock_free(), but
memblock_free() would double reserved.regions too, so we could free the
old range for reserved.regions.
Also tj said there is another bug which could be related to this.
| I don't think we're saving any noticeable
| amount by doing this "free - give it to page allocator - reserve
| again" dancing. We should just allocate regions aligned to page
| boundaries and free them later when memblock is no longer in use.
in that case, when DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, will get panic:
memblock_free: [0x0000102febc080-0x0000102febf080] memblock_free_reserved_regions+0x37/0x39
BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffff88102febd948
IP: [<ffffffff836a5774>] __next_free_mem_range+0x9b/0x155
PGD 4826063 PUD cf67a067 PMD cf7fa067 PTE 800000102febd160
Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
CPU 0
Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 3.5.0-rc2-next-20120614-sasha #447
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff836a5774>] [<ffffffff836a5774>] __next_free_mem_range+0x9b/0x155
See the discussion at https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/6/13/469
So try to allocate with PAGE_SIZE alignment and free it later.
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 4bf2bba3750f10aa9e62e6949bc7e8329990f01b upstream.
If page migration cannot charge the temporary page to the memcg,
migrate_pages() will return -ENOMEM. This isn't considered in memory
compaction however, and the loop continues to iterate over all
pageblocks trying to isolate and migrate pages. If a small number of
very large memcgs happen to be oom, however, these attempts will mostly
be futile leading to an enormous amout of cpu consumption due to the
page migration failures.
This patch will short circuit and fail memory compaction if
migrate_pages() returns -ENOMEM. COMPACT_PARTIAL is returned in case
some migrations were successful so that the page allocator will retry.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit d8adde17e5f858427504725218c56aef90e90fc7 upstream.
kswapd_stop() is called to destroy the kswapd work thread when all memory
of a NUMA node has been offlined. But kswapd_stop() only terminates the
work thread without resetting NODE_DATA(nid)->kswapd to NULL. The stale
pointer will prevent kswapd_run() from creating a new work thread when
adding memory to the memory-less NUMA node again. Eventually the stale
pointer may cause invalid memory access.
An example stack dump as below. It's reproduced with 2.6.32, but latest
kernel has the same issue.
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null)
IP: [<ffffffff81051a94>] exit_creds+0x12/0x78
PGD 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
last sysfs file: /sys/devices/system/memory/memory391/state
CPU 11
Modules linked in: cpufreq_conservative cpufreq_userspace cpufreq_powersave acpi_cpufreq microcode fuse loop dm_mod tpm_tis rtc_cmos i2c_i801 rtc_core tpm serio_raw pcspkr sg tpm_bios igb i2c_core iTCO_wdt rtc_lib mptctl iTCO_vendor_support button dca bnx2 usbhid hid uhci_hcd ehci_hcd usbcore sd_mod crc_t10dif edd ext3 mbcache jbd fan ide_pci_generic ide_core ata_generic ata_piix libata thermal processor thermal_sys hwmon mptsas mptscsih mptbase scsi_transport_sas scsi_mod
Pid: 7949, comm: sh Not tainted 2.6.32.12-qiuxishi-5-default #92 Tecal RH2285
RIP: 0010:exit_creds+0x12/0x78
RSP: 0018:ffff8806044f1d78 EFLAGS: 00010202
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff880604f22140 RCX: 0000000000019502
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000202 RDI: 0000000000000000
RBP: ffff880604f22150 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffffff81a4dc10
R10: 00000000000032a0 R11: ffff880006202500 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000c40000 R14: 0000000000008000 R15: 0000000000000001
FS: 00007fbc03d066f0(0000) GS:ffff8800282e0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 000000060f029000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process sh (pid: 7949, threadinfo ffff8806044f0000, task ffff880603d7c600)
Stack:
ffff880604f22140 ffffffff8103aac5 ffff880604f22140 ffffffff8104d21e
ffff880006202500 0000000000008000 0000000000c38000 ffffffff810bd5b1
0000000000000000 ffff880603d7c600 00000000ffffdd29 0000000000000003
Call Trace:
__put_task_struct+0x5d/0x97
kthread_stop+0x50/0x58
offline_pages+0x324/0x3da
memory_block_change_state+0x179/0x1db
store_mem_state+0x9e/0xbb
sysfs_write_file+0xd0/0x107
vfs_write+0xad/0x169
sys_write+0x45/0x6e
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Code: ff 4d 00 0f 94 c0 84 c0 74 08 48 89 ef e8 1f fd ff ff 5b 5d 31 c0 41 5c c3 53 48 8b 87 20 06 00 00 48 89 fb 48 8b bf 18 06 00 00 <8b> 00 48 c7 83 18 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 f0 ff 0f 0f 94 c0 84 c0
RIP exit_creds+0x12/0x78
RSP <ffff8806044f1d78>
CR2: 0000000000000000
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add pglist_data.kswapd locking comments]
Signed-off-by: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 9ab4233dd08036fe34a89c7dc6f47a8bf2eb29eb upstream.
Otherwise the code races with munmap (causing a use-after-free
of the vma) or with close (causing a use-after-free of the struct
file).
The bug was introduced by commit 90ed52ebe481 ("[PATCH] holepunch: fix
mmap_sem i_mutex deadlock")
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Cc: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
[bwh: Backported to 3.2:
- Adjust context
- madvise_remove() calls vmtruncate_range(), not do_fallocate()]
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 047fe3605235888f3ebcda0c728cb31937eadfe6 upstream.
Dave Jones reported a kernel BUG at mm/slub.c:3474! triggered
by splice_shrink_spd() called from vmsplice_to_pipe()
commit 35f3d14dbbc5 (pipe: add support for shrinking and growing pipes)
added capability to adjust pipe->buffers.
Problem is some paths don't hold pipe mutex and assume pipe->buffers
doesn't change for their duration.
Fix this by adding nr_pages_max field in struct splice_pipe_desc, and
use it in place of pipe->buffers where appropriate.
splice_shrink_spd() loses its struct pipe_inode_info argument.
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Tested-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
[bwh: Backported to 3.2:
- Adjust context in vmsplice_to_pipe()
- Update one more call to splice_shrink_spd(), from skb_splice_bits()]
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 48c3b583bbddad2220ca4c22319ca5d1f78b2090 upstream.
__alloc_memory_core_early() asks memblock for a range of memory then try
to reserve it. If the reserved region array lacks space for the new
range, memblock_double_array() is called to allocate more space for the
array. If memblock is used to allocate memory for the new array it can
end up using a range that overlaps with the range originally allocated in
__alloc_memory_core_early(), leading to possible data corruption.
With this patch memblock_double_array() now calls memblock_find_in_range()
with a narrowed candidate range (in cases where the reserved.regions array
is being doubled) so any memory allocated will not overlap with the
original range that was being reserved. The range is narrowed by passing
in the starting address and size of the previously allocated range. Then
the range above the ending address is searched and if a candidate is not
found, the range below the starting address is searched.
Signed-off-by: Greg Pearson <greg.pearson@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 181eb39425f2b9275afcb015eaa547d11f71a02f upstream.
The overall memblock has been organized into the memory regions and
reserved regions. Initially, the memory regions and reserved regions are
stored in the predetermined arrays of "struct memblock _region". It's
possible for the arrays to be enlarged when we have newly added regions,
but no free space left there. The policy here is to create double-sized
array either by slab allocator or memblock allocator. Unfortunately, we
didn't free the old array, which might be allocated through slab allocator
before. That would cause memory leak.
The patch introduces 2 variables to trace where (slab or memblock) the
memory and reserved regions come from. The memory for the memory or
reserved regions will be deallocated by kfree() if that was allocated by
slab allocator. Thus to fix the memory leak issue.
Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 4e2f07750d9a94e8f23e86408df5ab95be88bf11 upstream.
The overall memblock has been organized into the memory regions and
reserved regions. Initially, the memory regions and reserved regions are
stored in the predetermined arrays of "struct memblock _region". It's
possible for the arrays to be enlarged when we have newly added regions
for them, but no enough space there. Under the situation, We will created
double-sized array to meet the requirement. However, the original
implementation converted the VA (Virtual Address) of the newly allocated
array of regions to PA (Physical Address), then translate back when we
allocates the new array from slab. That's actually unnecessary.
The patch removes the duplicate VA/PA conversion.
Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 9b15b817f3d62409290fd56fe3cbb076a931bb0a upstream.
Minchan Kim reports that when a system has many swap areas, and tmpfs
swaps out to the ninth or more, shmem_getpage_gfp()'s attempts to read
back the page cannot locate it, and the read fails with -ENOMEM.
Whoops. Yes, I blindly followed read_swap_header()'s pte_to_swp_entry(
swp_entry_to_pte()) technique for determining maximum usable swap
offset, without stopping to realize that that actually depends upon the
pte swap encoding shifting swap offset to the higher bits and truncating
it there. Whereas our radix_tree swap encoding leaves offset in the
lower bits: it's swap "type" (that is, index of swap area) that was
truncated.
Fix it by reducing the SWP_TYPE_SHIFT() in swapops.h, and removing the
broken radix_to_swp_entry(swp_to_radix_entry()) from read_swap_header().
This does not reduce the usable size of a swap area any further, it
leaves it as claimed when making the original commit: no change from 3.0
on x86_64, nor on i386 without PAE; but 3.0's 512GB is reduced to 128GB
per swapfile on i386 with PAE. It's not a change I would have risked
five years ago, but with x86_64 supported for ten years, I believe it's
appropriate now.
Hmm, and what if some architecture implements its swap pte with offset
encoded below type? That would equally break the maximum usable swap
offset check. Happily, they all follow the same tradition of encoding
offset above type, but I'll prepare a check on that for next.
Reported-and-Reviewed-and-Tested-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 02d7633fa567be7bf55a993b79d2a31b95ce2227 upstream.
In the case which is below,
1. acquire slab for cpu partial list
2. free object to it by remote cpu
3. page->freelist = t
then memory leak is occurred.
Change acquire_slab() not to zap freelist when it works for cpu partial list.
I think it is a sufficient solution for fixing a memory leak.
Below is output of 'slabinfo -r kmalloc-256'
when './perf stat -r 30 hackbench 50 process 4000 > /dev/null' is done.
***Vanilla***
Sizes (bytes) Slabs Debug Memory
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Object : 256 Total : 468 Sanity Checks : Off Total: 3833856
SlabObj: 256 Full : 111 Redzoning : Off Used : 2004992
SlabSiz: 8192 Partial: 302 Poisoning : Off Loss : 1828864
Loss : 0 CpuSlab: 55 Tracking : Off Lalig: 0
Align : 8 Objects: 32 Tracing : Off Lpadd: 0
***Patched***
Sizes (bytes) Slabs Debug Memory
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Object : 256 Total : 300 Sanity Checks : Off Total: 2457600
SlabObj: 256 Full : 204 Redzoning : Off Used : 2348800
SlabSiz: 8192 Partial: 33 Poisoning : Off Loss : 108800
Loss : 0 CpuSlab: 63 Tracking : Off Lalig: 0
Align : 8 Objects: 32 Tracing : Off Lpadd: 0
Total and loss number is the impact of this patch.
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 4523e1458566a0e8ecfaff90f380dd23acc44d27 upstream.
hugetlb_reserve_pages() can be used for either normal file-backed
hugetlbfs mappings, or MAP_HUGETLB. In the MAP_HUGETLB, semi-anonymous
mode, there is not a VMA around. The new call to resv_map_put() assumed
that there was, and resulted in a NULL pointer dereference:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000030
IP: vma_resv_map+0x9/0x30
PGD 141453067 PUD 1421e1067 PMD 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
...
Pid: 14006, comm: trinity-child6 Not tainted 3.4.0+ #36
RIP: vma_resv_map+0x9/0x30
...
Process trinity-child6 (pid: 14006, threadinfo ffff8801414e0000, task ffff8801414f26b0)
Call Trace:
resv_map_put+0xe/0x40
hugetlb_reserve_pages+0xa6/0x1d0
hugetlb_file_setup+0x102/0x2c0
newseg+0x115/0x360
ipcget+0x1ce/0x310
sys_shmget+0x5a/0x60
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
This was reported by Dave Jones, but was reproducible with the
libhugetlbfs test cases, so shame on me for not running them in the
first place.
With this, the oops is gone, and the output of libhugetlbfs's
run_tests.py is identical to plain 3.4 again.
[ Marked for stable, since this was introduced by commit c50ac050811d
("hugetlb: fix resv_map leak in error path") which was also marked for
stable ]
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit c50ac050811d6485616a193eb0f37bfbd191cc89 upstream.
When called for anonymous (non-shared) mappings, hugetlb_reserve_pages()
does a resv_map_alloc(). It depends on code in hugetlbfs's
vm_ops->close() to release that allocation.
However, in the mmap() failure path, we do a plain unmap_region() without
the remove_vma() which actually calls vm_ops->close().
This is a decent fix. This leak could get reintroduced if new code (say,
after hugetlb_reserve_pages() in hugetlbfs_file_mmap()) decides to return
an error. But, I think it would have to unroll the reservation anyway.
Christoph's test case:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=133728900729735
This patch applies to 3.4 and later. A version for earlier kernels is at
https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/5/22/418.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reported-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Tested-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit dbda591d920b4c7692725b13e3f68ecb251e9080 upstream.
The transfer of ->flags causes some of the static mapping virtual
addresses to be prematurely freed (before the mapping is removed) because
VM_LAZY_FREE gets "set" if tmp->flags has VM_IOREMAP set. This might
cause subsequent vmalloc/ioremap calls to fail because it might allocate
one of the freed virtual address ranges that aren't unmapped.
va->flags has different types of flags from tmp->flags. If a region with
VM_IOREMAP set is registered with vm_area_add_early(), it will be removed
by __purge_vmap_area_lazy().
Fix vmalloc_init() to correctly initialize vmap_area for the given
vm_struct.
Also initialise va->vm. If it is not set, find_vm_area() for the early
vm regions will always fail.
Signed-off-by: KyongHo Cho <pullip.cho@samsung.com>
Cc: "Olav Haugan" <ohaugan@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit e48982734ea0500d1eba4f9d96195acc5406cad6 upstream.
Commit 645747462435 ("vmscan: detect mapped file pages used only once")
made mapped pages have another round in inactive list because they might
be just short lived and so we could consider them again next time. This
heuristic helps to reduce pressure on the active list with a streaming
IO worklods.
This patch fixes a regression introduced by this commit for heavy shmem
based workloads because unlike Anon pages, which are excluded from this
heuristic because they are usually long lived, shmem pages are handled
as a regular page cache.
This doesn't work quite well, unfortunately, if the workload is mostly
backed by shmem (in memory database sitting on 80% of memory) with a
streaming IO in the background (backup - up to 20% of memory). Anon
inactive list is full of (dirty) shmem pages when watermarks are hit.
Shmem pages are kept in the inactive list (they are referenced) in the
first round and it is hard to reclaim anything else so we reach lower
scanning priorities very quickly which leads to an excessive swap out.
Let's fix this by excluding all swap backed pages (they tend to be long
lived wrt. the regular page cache anyway) from used-once heuristic and
rather activate them if they are referenced.
The customer's workload is shmem backed database (80% of RAM) and they
are measuring transactions/s with an IO in the background (20%).
Transactions touch more or less random rows in the table. The
transaction rate fell by a factor of 3 (in the worst case) because of
commit 64574746. This patch restores the previous numbers.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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commit 05f144a0d5c2207a0349348127f996e104ad7404 upstream.
Dave Jones' system call fuzz testing tool "trinity" triggered the
following bug error with slab debugging enabled
=============================================================================
BUG numa_policy (Not tainted): Poison overwritten
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
INFO: 0xffff880146498250-0xffff880146498250. First byte 0x6a instead of 0x6b
INFO: Allocated in mpol_new+0xa3/0x140 age=46310 cpu=6 pid=32154
__slab_alloc+0x3d3/0x445
kmem_cache_alloc+0x29d/0x2b0
mpol_new+0xa3/0x140
sys_mbind+0x142/0x620
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
INFO: Freed in __mpol_put+0x27/0x30 age=46268 cpu=6 pid=32154
__slab_free+0x2e/0x1de
kmem_cache_free+0x25a/0x260
__mpol_put+0x27/0x30
remove_vma+0x68/0x90
exit_mmap+0x118/0x140
mmput+0x73/0x110
exit_mm+0x108/0x130
do_exit+0x162/0xb90
do_group_exit+0x4f/0xc0
sys_exit_group+0x17/0x20
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
INFO: Slab 0xffffea0005192600 objects=27 used=27 fp=0x (null) flags=0x20000000004080
INFO: Object 0xffff880146498250 @offset=592 fp=0xffff88014649b9d0
This implied a reference counting bug and the problem happened during
mbind().
mbind() applies a new memory policy to a range and uses mbind_range() to
merge existing VMAs or split them as necessary. In the event of splits,
mpol_dup() will allocate a new struct mempolicy and maintain existing
reference counts whose rules are documented in
Documentation/vm/numa_memory_policy.txt .
The problem occurs with shared memory policies. The vm_op->set_policy
increments the reference count if necessary and split_vma() and
vma_merge() have already handled the existing reference counts.
However, policy_vma() screws it up by replacing an existing
vma->vm_policy with one that potentially has the wrong reference count
leading to a premature free. This patch removes the damage caused by
policy_vma().
With this patch applied Dave's trinity tool runs an mbind test for 5
minutes without error. /proc/slabinfo reported that there are no
numa_policy or shared_policy_node objects allocated after the test
completed and the shared memory region was deleted.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Stephen Wilson <wilsons@start.ca>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
Occasionally, testing memcg's move_charge_at_immigrate on rc7 shows
a flurry of hundreds of warnings at kernel/res_counter.c:96, where
res_counter_uncharge_locked() does WARN_ON(counter->usage < val).
The first trace of each flurry implicates __mem_cgroup_cancel_charge()
of mc.precharge, and an audit of mc.precharge handling points to
mem_cgroup_move_charge_pte_range()'s THP handling in commit 12724850e806
("memcg: avoid THP split in task migration").
Checking !mc.precharge is good everywhere else, when a single page is to
be charged; but here the "mc.precharge -= HPAGE_PMD_NR" likely to
follow, is liable to result in underflow (a lot can change since the
precharge was estimated).
Simply check against HPAGE_PMD_NR: there's probably a better
alternative, trying precharge for more, splitting if unsuccessful; but
this one-liner is safer for now - no kernel/res_counter.c:96 warnings
seen in 26 hours.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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|
I found some kernel messages such as:
SLUB raid5-md127: kmem_cache_destroy called for cache that still has objects.
Pid: 6143, comm: mdadm Tainted: G O 3.4.0-rc6+ #75
Call Trace:
kmem_cache_destroy+0x328/0x400
free_conf+0x2d/0xf0 [raid456]
stop+0x41/0x60 [raid456]
md_stop+0x1a/0x60 [md_mod]
do_md_stop+0x74/0x470 [md_mod]
md_ioctl+0xff/0x11f0 [md_mod]
blkdev_ioctl+0xd8/0x7a0
block_ioctl+0x3b/0x40
do_vfs_ioctl+0x96/0x560
sys_ioctl+0x91/0xa0
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Then using kmemleak I found these messages:
unreferenced object 0xffff8800b6db7380 (size 112):
comm "mdadm", pid 5783, jiffies 4294810749 (age 90.589s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
01 01 db b6 ad 4e ad de ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff .....N..........
ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 98 40 4a 82 ff ff ff ff .........@J.....
backtrace:
kmemleak_alloc+0x21/0x50
kmem_cache_alloc+0xeb/0x1b0
kmem_cache_open+0x2f1/0x430
kmem_cache_create+0x158/0x320
setup_conf+0x649/0x770 [raid456]
run+0x68b/0x840 [raid456]
md_run+0x529/0x940 [md_mod]
do_md_run+0x18/0xc0 [md_mod]
md_ioctl+0xba8/0x11f0 [md_mod]
blkdev_ioctl+0xd8/0x7a0
block_ioctl+0x3b/0x40
do_vfs_ioctl+0x96/0x560
sys_ioctl+0x91/0xa0
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
This bug was introduced by commit a8364d5555b ("slub: only IPI CPUs that
have per cpu obj to flush"), which did not include checks for per cpu
partial pages being present on a cpu.
Signed-off-by: majianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Cc: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Why is there less MemFree than there used to be? It perturbed a test,
so I've just been bisecting linux-next, and now find the offender went
upstream yesterday.
Commit 93278814d359 "mm: fix division by 0 in percpu_pagelist_fraction()"
mistakenly initialized percpu_pagelist_fraction to the sysctl's minimum 8,
which leaves 1/8th of memory on percpu lists (on each cpu??); but most of
us expect it to be left unset at 0 (and it's not then used as a divisor).
MemTotal: 8061476kB 8061476kB 8061476kB 8061476kB 8061476kB 8061476kB
Repetitive test with percpu_pagelist_fraction 8:
MemFree: 6948420kB 6237172kB 6949696kB 6840692kB 6949048kB 6862984kB
Same test with percpu_pagelist_fraction back to 0:
MemFree: 7945000kB 7944908kB 7948568kB 7949060kB 7948796kB 7948812kB
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
[ We really should fix the crazy sysctl interface too, but that's a
separate thing - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton.
* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (8 patches)
MAINTAINERS: add maintainer for LED subsystem
mm: nobootmem: fix sign extend problem in __free_pages_memory()
drivers/leds: correct __devexit annotations
memcg: free spare array to avoid memory leak
namespaces, pid_ns: fix leakage on fork() failure
hugetlb: prevent BUG_ON in hugetlb_fault() -> hugetlb_cow()
mm: fix division by 0 in percpu_pagelist_fraction()
proc/pid/pagemap: correctly report non-present ptes and holes between vmas
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Systems with 8 TBytes of memory or greater can hit a problem where only
the the first 8 TB of memory shows up. This is due to "int i" being
smaller than "unsigned long start_aligned", causing the high bits to be
dropped.
The fix is to change `i' to unsigned long to match start_aligned
and end_aligned.
Thanks to Jack Steiner for assistance tracking this down.
Signed-off-by: Russ Anderson <rja@sgi.com>
Cc: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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|
When the last event is unregistered, there is no need to keep the spare
array anymore. So free it to avoid memory leak.
Signed-off-by: Sha Zhengju <handai.szj@taobao.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Commit 66aebce747eaf ("hugetlb: fix race condition in hugetlb_fault()")
added code to avoid a race condition by elevating the page refcount in
hugetlb_fault() while calling hugetlb_cow().
However, one code path in hugetlb_cow() includes an assertion that the
page count is 1, whereas it may now also have the value 2 in this path.
The consensus is that this BUG_ON has served its purpose, so rather than
extending it to cover both cases, we just remove it.
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.0.29+, 3.2.16+, 3.3.3+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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percpu_pagelist_fraction_sysctl_handler() has only considered -EINVAL as
a possible error from proc_dointvec_minmax().
If any other error is returned, it would proceed to divide by zero since
percpu_pagelist_fraction wasn't getting initialized at any point. For
example, writing 0 bytes into the proc file would trigger the issue.
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Kmemleak tracks the percpu allocations via a specific API and the
originally allocated areas must be removed from kmemleak (via
kmemleak_free). The code was already doing this for SMP systems.
Reported-by: Sami Liedes <sami.liedes@iki.fi>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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are complete
pcpu_embed_first_chunk() allocates memory for each node, copies percpu
data and frees unused portions of it before proceeding to the next
group. This assumes that allocations for different nodes doesn't
overlap; however, depending on memory topology, the bootmem allocator
may end up allocating memory from a different node than the requested
one which may overlap with the portion freed from one of the previous
percpu areas. This leads to percpu groups for different nodes
overlapping which is a serious bug.
This patch separates out copy & partial free from the allocation loop
such that all allocations are complete before partial frees happen.
This also fixes overlapping frees which could happen on allocation
failure path - out_free_areas path frees whole groups but the groups
could have portions freed at that point.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: "Pavel V. Panteleev" <pp_84@mail.ru>
Tested-by: "Pavel V. Panteleev" <pp_84@mail.ru>
LKML-Reference: <E1SNhwY-0007ui-V7.pp_84-mail-ru@f220.mail.ru>
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|
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu
Pull two percpu fixes from Tejun Heo:
"One adds missing KERN_CONT on split printk()s and the other makes
the percpu allocator avoid using PMD_SIZE as atom_size on x86_32.
Using PMD_SIZE led to vmalloc area exhaustion on certain
configurations (x86_32 android) and the only cost of using PAGE_SIZE
instead is static percpu area not being aligned to large page
mapping."
* 'for-3.4-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
percpu, x86: don't use PMD_SIZE as embedded atom_size on 32bit
percpu: use KERN_CONT in pcpu_dump_alloc_info()
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|
Merge fixes from Andrew Morton:
"13 fixes. The acerhdf patches aren't (really) fixes. But they've
been stuck in my tree for up to two years, sent to Matthew multiple
times and the developers are unhappy."
* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (13 patches)
mm: fix NULL ptr dereference in move_pages
mm: fix NULL ptr dereference in migrate_pages
revert "proc: clear_refs: do not clear reserved pages"
drivers/rtc/rtc-ds1307.c: fix BUG shown with lock debugging enabled
arch/arm/mach-ux500/mbox-db5500.c: world-writable sysfs fifo file
hugetlbfs: lockdep annotate root inode properly
acerhdf: lowered default temp fanon/fanoff values
acerhdf: add support for new hardware
acerhdf: add support for Aspire 1410 BIOS v1.3314
fs/buffer.c: remove BUG() in possible but rare condition
mm: fix up the vmscan stat in vmstat
epoll: clear the tfile_check_list on -ELOOP
mm/hugetlb: fix warning in alloc_huge_page/dequeue_huge_page_vma
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|
Commit 3268c63 ("mm: fix move/migrate_pages() race on task struct") has
added an odd construct where 'mm' is checked for being NULL, and if it is,
it would get dereferenced anyways by mput()ing it.
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Commit 3268c63 ("mm: fix move/migrate_pages() race on task struct") has
added an odd construct where 'mm' is checked for being NULL, and if it is,
it would get dereferenced anyways by mput()ing it.
This would lead to the following NULL ptr deref and BUG() when calling
migrate_pages() with a pid that has no mm struct:
[25904.193704] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000050
[25904.194235] IP: [<ffffffff810b0de7>] mmput+0x27/0xf0
[25904.194235] PGD 773e6067 PUD 77da0067 PMD 0
[25904.194235] Oops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
[25904.194235] CPU 2
[25904.194235] Pid: 31608, comm: trinity Tainted: G W 3.4.0-rc2-next-20120412-sasha #69
[25904.194235] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff810b0de7>] [<ffffffff810b0de7>] mmput+0x27/0xf0
[25904.194235] RSP: 0018:ffff880077d49e08 EFLAGS: 00010202
[25904.194235] RAX: 0000000000000286 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000
[25904.194235] RDX: ffff880075ef8000 RSI: 000000000000023d RDI: 0000000000000286
[25904.194235] RBP: ffff880077d49e18 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000001
[25904.194235] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
[25904.194235] R13: 00000000ffffffea R14: ffff880034287740 R15: ffff8800218d3010
[25904.194235] FS: 00007fc8b244c700(0000) GS:ffff880029800000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[25904.194235] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[25904.194235] CR2: 0000000000000050 CR3: 00000000767c6000 CR4: 00000000000406e0
[25904.194235] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
[25904.194235] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
[25904.194235] Process trinity (pid: 31608, threadinfo ffff880077d48000, task ffff880075ef8000)
[25904.194235] Stack:
[25904.194235] ffff8800342876c0 0000000000000000 ffff880077d49f78 ffffffff811b8020
[25904.194235] ffffffff811b7d91 ffff880075ef8000 ffff88002256d200 0000000000000000
[25904.194235] 00000000000003ff 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
[25904.194235] Call Trace:
[25904.194235] [<ffffffff811b8020>] sys_migrate_pages+0x340/0x3a0
[25904.194235] [<ffffffff811b7d91>] ? sys_migrate_pages+0xb1/0x3a0
[25904.194235] [<ffffffff8266cbb9>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
[25904.194235] Code: c9 c3 66 90 55 31 d2 48 89 e5 be 3d 02 00 00 48 83 ec 10 48 89 1c 24 4c 89 64 24 08 48 89 fb 48 c7 c7 cf 0e e1 82 e8 69 18 03 00 <f0> ff 4b 50 0f 94 c0 84 c0 0f 84 aa 00 00 00 48 89 df e8 72 f1
[25904.194235] RIP [<ffffffff810b0de7>] mmput+0x27/0xf0
[25904.194235] RSP <ffff880077d49e08>
[25904.194235] CR2: 0000000000000050
[25904.348999] ---[ end trace a307b3ed40206b4b ]---
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The "pgsteal" stat is confusing because it counts both direct reclaim as
well as background reclaim. However, we have "kswapd_steal" which also
counts background reclaim value.
This patch fixes it and also makes it match the existng "pgscan_" stats.
Test:
pgsteal_kswapd_dma32 447623
pgsteal_kswapd_normal 42272677
pgsteal_kswapd_movable 0
pgsteal_direct_dma32 2801
pgsteal_direct_normal 44353270
pgsteal_direct_movable 0
Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Fix a gcc warning (and bug?) introduced in cc9a6c877 ("cpuset: mm: reduce
large amounts of memory barrier related damage v3")
Local variable "page" can be uninitialized if the nodemask from vma policy
does not intersects with nodemask from cpuset. Even if it doesn't happens
it is better to initialize this variable explicitly than to introduce
a kernel oops in a weird corner case.
mm/hugetlb.c: In function `alloc_huge_page':
mm/hugetlb.c:1135:5: warning: `page' may be used uninitialized in this function
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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None of the callsites actually need the page_cgroup descriptor
themselves, so just pass the page and do the look up in there.
We already had two bugs (6568d4a 'mm: memcg: update the correct soft
limit tree during migration' and 'memcg: fix Bad page state after
replace_page_cache') where the passed page and pc were not referring
to the same page frame.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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|
The comments above __alloc_bootmem_node() claim that the code will
first try the allocation using 'goal' and if that fails it will
try again but with the 'goal' requirement dropped.
Unfortunately, this is not what the code does, so fix it to do so.
This is important for nobootmem conversions to architectures such
as sparc where MAX_DMA_ADDRESS is infinity.
On such architectures all of the allocations done by generic spots,
such as the sparse-vmemmap implementation, will pass in:
__pa(MAX_DMA_ADDRESS)
as the goal, and with the limit given as "-1" this will always fail
unless we add the appropriate fallback logic here.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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|
Mel reports a BUG_ON(slot == NULL) in radix_tree_tag_set() on s390
3.0.13: called from __set_page_dirty_nobuffers() when page_remove_rmap()
tries to transfer dirty flag from s390 storage key to struct page and
radix_tree.
That would be because of reclaim's shrink_page_list() calling
add_to_swap() on this page at the same time: first PageSwapCache is set
(causing page_mapping(page) to appear as &swapper_space), then
page->private set, then tree_lock taken, then page inserted into
radix_tree - so there's an interval before taking the lock when the
radix_tree slot is empty.
We could fix this by moving __add_to_swap_cache()'s spin_lock_irq up
before the SetPageSwapCache. But a better fix is simply to do what's
five years overdue: Ken Chen introduced __set_page_dirty_no_writeback()
(if !PageDirty TestSetPageDirty) for tmpfs to skip all the radix_tree
overhead, and swap is just the same - it ignores the radix_tree tag, and
does not participate in dirty page accounting, so should be using
__set_page_dirty_no_writeback() too.
s390 testing now confirms that this does indeed fix the problem.
Reported-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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it's always current->mm
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
|
|
This continues the theme started with vm_brk() and vm_munmap():
vm_mmap() does the same thing as do_mmap(), but additionally does the
required VM locking.
This uninlines (and rewrites it to be clearer) do_mmap(), which sadly
duplicates it in mm/mmap.c and mm/nommu.c. But that way we don't have
to export our internal do_mmap_pgoff() function.
Some day we hopefully don't have to export do_mmap() either, if all
modular users can become the simpler vm_mmap() instead. We're actually
very close to that already, with the notable exception of the (broken)
use in i810, and a couple of stragglers in binfmt_elf.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
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Like the vm_brk() function, this is the same as "do_munmap()", except it
does the VM locking for the caller.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
It does the same thing as "do_brk()", except it handles the VM locking
too.
It turns out that all external callers want that anyway, so we can make
do_brk() static to just mm/mmap.c while at it.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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|
Commit 24aa07882b ("memblock, x86: Replace memblock_x86_reserve/
free_range() with generic ones") replaced x86 specific memblock
operations with the generic ones; unfortunately, it lost zero length
operation handling in the process making the kernel panic if somebody
tries to reserve zero length area.
There isn't much to be gained by being cranky to zero length operations
and panicking is almost the worst response. Drop the BUG_ON() in
memblock_reserve() and update memblock_add_region/isolate_range() so
that all zero length operations are handled as noops.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Valere Monseur <valere.monseur@ymail.com>
Bisected-by: Joseph Freeman <jfree143dev@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Joseph Freeman <jfree143dev@gmail.com>
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43098
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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|
My 9ce70c0240d0 "memcg: fix deadlock by inverting lrucare nesting" put a
nasty little bug into v3.3's version of mem_cgroup_replace_page_cache(),
sometimes used for FUSE. Replacing __mem_cgroup_commit_charge_lrucare()
by __mem_cgroup_commit_charge(), I used the "pc" pointer set up earlier:
but it's for oldpage, and needs now to be for newpage. Once oldpage was
freed, its PageCgroupUsed bit (cleared above but set again here) caused
"Bad page state" messages - and perhaps worse, being missed from newpage.
(I didn't find this by using FUSE, but in reusing the function for tmpfs.)
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org [v3.3 only]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This reverts commit c38446cc65e1f2b3eb8630c53943b94c4f65f670.
Before the commit, the code makes senses to me but not after the commit.
The "nr_reclaimed" is the number of pages reclaimed by scanning through
the memcg's lru lists. The "nr_to_reclaim" is the target value for the
whole function. For example, we like to early break the reclaim if
reclaimed 32 pages under direct reclaim (not DEF_PRIORITY).
After the reverted commit, the target "nr_to_reclaim" is decremented each
time by "nr_reclaimed" but we still use it to compare the "nr_reclaimed".
It just doesn't make sense to me...
Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The race is as follows:
Suppose a multi-threaded task forks a new process (on cpu A), thus
bumping up the ref count on all the pages. While the fork is occurring
(and thus we have marked all the PTEs as read-only), another thread in
the original process (on cpu B) tries to write to a huge page, taking an
access violation from the write-protect and calling hugetlb_cow(). Now,
suppose the fork() fails. It will undo the COW and decrement the ref
count on the pages, so the ref count on the huge page drops back to 1.
Meanwhile hugetlb_cow() also decrements the ref count by one on the
original page, since the original address space doesn't need it any
more, having copied a new page to replace the original page. This
leaves the ref count at zero, and when we call unlock_page(), we panic.
fork on CPU A fault on CPU B
============= ==============
...
down_write(&parent->mmap_sem);
down_write_nested(&child->mmap_sem);
...
while duplicating vmas
if error
break;
...
up_write(&child->mmap_sem);
up_write(&parent->mmap_sem); ...
down_read(&parent->mmap_sem);
...
lock_page(page);
handle COW
page_mapcount(old_page) == 2
alloc and prepare new_page
...
handle error
page_remove_rmap(page);
put_page(page);
...
fold new_page into pte
page_remove_rmap(page);
put_page(page);
...
oops ==> unlock_page(page);
up_read(&parent->mmap_sem);
The solution is to take an extra reference to the page while we are
holding the lock on it.
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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We should use the accessor res_counter_read_u64 for that.
Although a purely cosmetic change is sometimes better delayed, to avoid
conflicting with other people's work, we are starting to have people
touching this code as well, and reproducing the open code behavior
because that's the standard =)
Time to fix it, then.
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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action != CPU_DEAD || action != CPU_DEAD_FROZEN is always true.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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pcpu_dump_alloc_info() was printing continued lines without KERN_CONT.
Use it.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
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Merge third batch of patches from Andrew Morton:
- Some MM stragglers
- core SMP library cleanups (on_each_cpu_mask)
- Some IPI optimisations
- kexec
- kdump
- IPMI
- the radix-tree iterator work
- various other misc bits.
"That'll do for -rc1. I still have ~10 patches for 3.4, will send
those along when they've baked a little more."
* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (35 commits)
backlight: fix typo in tosa_lcd.c
crc32: add help text for the algorithm select option
mm: move hugepage test examples to tools/testing/selftests/vm
mm: move slabinfo.c to tools/vm
mm: move page-types.c from Documentation to tools/vm
selftests/Makefile: make `run_tests' depend on `all'
selftests: launch individual selftests from the main Makefile
radix-tree: use iterators in find_get_pages* functions
radix-tree: rewrite gang lookup using iterator
radix-tree: introduce bit-optimized iterator
fs/proc/namespaces.c: prevent crash when ns_entries[] is empty
nbd: rename the nbd_device variable from lo to nbd
pidns: add reboot_pid_ns() to handle the reboot syscall
sysctl: use bitmap library functions
ipmi: use locks on watchdog timeout set on reboot
ipmi: simplify locking
ipmi: fix message handling during panics
ipmi: use a tasklet for handling received messages
ipmi: increase KCS timeouts
ipmi: decrease the IPMI message transaction time in interrupt mode
...
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Replace radix_tree_gang_lookup_slot() and
radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag_slot() in page-cache lookup functions with
brand-new radix-tree direct iterating. This avoids the double-scanning
and pointer copying.
Iterator don't stop after nr_pages page-get fails in a row, it continue
lookup till the radix-tree end. Thus we can safely remove these restart
conditions.
Unfortunately, old implementation didn't forbid nr_pages == 0, this corner
case does not fit into new code, so the patch adds an extra check at the
beginning.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Tested-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Calculate a cpumask of CPUs with per-cpu pages in any zone and only send
an IPI requesting CPUs to drain these pages to the buddy allocator if they
actually have pages when asked to flush.
This patch saves 85%+ of IPIs asking to drain per-cpu pages in case of
severe memory pressure that leads to OOM since in these cases multiple,
possibly concurrent, allocation requests end up in the direct reclaim code
path so when the per-cpu pages end up reclaimed on first allocation
failure for most of the proceeding allocation attempts until the memory
pressure is off (possibly via the OOM killer) there are no per-cpu pages
on most CPUs (and there can easily be hundreds of them).
This also has the side effect of shortening the average latency of direct
reclaim by 1 or more order of magnitude since waiting for all the CPUs to
ACK the IPI takes a long time.
Tested by running "hackbench 400" on a 8 CPU x86 VM and observing the
difference between the number of direct reclaim attempts that end up in
drain_all_pages() and those were more then 1/2 of the online CPU had any
per-cpu page in them, using the vmstat counters introduced in the next
patch in the series and using proc/interrupts.
In the test sceanrio, this was seen to save around 3600 global
IPIs after trigerring an OOM on a concurrent workload:
$ cat /proc/vmstat | tail -n 2
pcp_global_drain 0
pcp_global_ipi_saved 0
$ cat /proc/interrupts | grep CAL
CAL: 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 Function call interrupts
$ hackbench 400
[OOM messages snipped]
$ cat /proc/vmstat | tail -n 2
pcp_global_drain 3647
pcp_global_ipi_saved 3642
$ cat /proc/interrupts | grep CAL
CAL: 6 13 6 3
3 3 1 2 7 Function call interrupts
Please note that if the global drain is removed from the direct reclaim
path as a patch from Mel Gorman currently suggests this should be replaced
with an on_each_cpu_cond invocation.
Signed-off-by: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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flush_all() is called for each kmem_cache_destroy(). So every cache being
destroyed dynamically ends up sending an IPI to each CPU in the system,
regardless if the cache has ever been used there.
For example, if you close the Infinband ipath driver char device file, the
close file ops calls kmem_cache_destroy(). So running some infiniband
config tool on one a single CPU dedicated to system tasks might interrupt
the rest of the 127 CPUs dedicated to some CPU intensive or latency
sensitive task.
I suspect there is a good chance that every line in the output of "git
grep kmem_cache_destroy linux/ | grep '\->'" has a similar scenario.
This patch attempts to rectify this issue by sending an IPI to flush the
per cpu objects back to the free lists only to CPUs that seem to have such
objects.
The check which CPU to IPI is racy but we don't care since asking a CPU
without per cpu objects to flush does no damage and as far as I can tell
the flush_all by itself is racy against allocs on remote CPUs anyway, so
if you required the flush_all to be determinstic, you had to arrange for
locking regardless.
Without this patch the following artificial test case:
$ cd /sys/kernel/slab
$ for DIR in *; do cat $DIR/alloc_calls > /dev/null; done
produces 166 IPIs on an cpuset isolated CPU. With it it produces none.
The code path of memory allocation failure for CPUMASK_OFFSTACK=y
config was tested using fault injection framework.
Signed-off-by: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.org>
Cc: Kosaki Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
Cc: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Most system calls taking flags first check that the flags passed in are
valid, and that helps userspace to detect when new flags are supported.
But swapon never did so: start checking now, to help if we ever want to
support more swap_flags in future.
It's difficult to get stray bits set in an int, and swapon is not widely
used, so this is most unlikely to break any userspace; but we can just
revert if it turns out to do so.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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