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sys_madvise has down_write of mmap_sem, then madvise_remove calls
vmtruncate_range which takes i_mutex and i_alloc_sem: no, we can
easily devise deadlocks from that ordering.
madvise_remove drop mmap_sem while calling vmtruncate_range: luckily,
since madvise_remove doesn't split or merge vmas, it's easy to handle
this case with a NULL prev, without restructuring sys_madvise. (Though
sad to retake mmap_sem when it's unlikely to be needed, and certainly
down_read is sufficient for MADV_REMOVE, unlike the other madvices.)
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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shmem_truncate_range has its own truncate_inode_pages_range, to free any
pages racily instantiated while it was in progress: a SHMEM_PAGEIN flag
is set when this might have happened. But holepunching gets no chance
to clear that flag at the start of vmtruncate_range, so it's always set
(unless a truncate came just before), so holepunch almost always does
this second truncate_inode_pages_range.
shmem holepunch has unlikely swap<->file races hereabouts whatever we do
(without a fuller rework than is fit for this release): I was going to
skip the second truncate in the punch_hole case, but Miklos points out
that would make holepunch correctness more vulnerable to swapoff. So
keep the second truncate, but follow it by an unmap_mapping_range to
eliminate the disconnected pages (freed from pagecache while still
mapped in userspace) that it might have left behind.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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Miklos Szeredi observes that during truncation of shmem page directories,
info->lock is released to improve latency (after lowering i_size and
next_index to exclude races); but this is quite wrong for holepunching,
which receives no such protection from i_size or next_index, and is left
vulnerable to races with shmem_unuse, shmem_getpage and shmem_writepage.
Hold info->lock throughout when holepunching? No, any user could prevent
rescheduling for far too long. Instead take info->lock just when needed:
in shmem_free_swp when removing the swap entries, and whenever removing
a directory page from the level above. But so long as we remove before
scanning, we can safely skip taking the lock at the lower levels, except
at misaligned start and end of the hole.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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Miklos Szeredi observes BUG_ON(!entry) in shmem_writepage() triggered
in rare circumstances, because shmem_truncate_range() erroneously
removes partially truncated directory pages at the end of the range:
later reclaim on pages pointing to these removed directories triggers
the BUG. Indeed, and it can also cause data loss beyond the hole.
Fix this as in the patch proposed by Miklos, but distinguish between
"limit" (how far we need to search: ignore truncation's next_index
optimization in the holepunch case - if there are races it's more
consistent to act on the whole range specified) and "upper_limit"
(how far we can free directory pages: generally we must be careful
to keep partially punched pages, but can relax at end of file -
i_size being held stable by i_mutex).
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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madvise(MADV_REMOVE) can go into an infinite loop or cause an oops if the
call covers a region from the start of a vma, and extending past that vma.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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It looks like there is a bug in init_reap_node() in slab.c that can cause
multiple oops's on certain ES7000 configurations. The variable reap_node
is defined per cpu, but only initialized on a single CPU. This causes an
oops in next_reap_node() when __get_cpu_var(reap_node) returns the wrong
value. Fix is below.
Signed-off-by: Dan Yeisley <dan.yeisley@unisys.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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Ramiro Voicu hits the BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte)) in zeromap_pte_range: kernel
bugzilla 7645. Right: read_zero_pagealigned uses down_read of mmap_sem,
but another thread's racing read of /dev/zero, or a normal fault, can
easily set that pte again, in between zap_page_range and zeromap_page_range
getting there. It's been wrong ever since 2.4.3.
The simple fix is to use down_write instead, but that would serialize reads
of /dev/zero more than at present: perhaps some app would be badly
affected. So instead let zeromap_page_range return the error instead of
BUG_ON, and read_zero_pagealigned break to the slower clear_user loop in
that case - there's no need to optimize for it.
Use -EEXIST for when a pte is found: BUG_ON in mmap_zero (the other user of
zeromap_page_range), though it really isn't interesting there. And since
mmap_zero wants -EAGAIN for out-of-memory, the zeromaps better return that
than -ENOMEM.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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Ran into BUG() while doing madvise(REMOVE) testing. If we are punching a
hole into shared memory segment using madvise(REMOVE) and the entire hole
is below the indirect blocks, we hit following assert.
BUG_ON(limit <= SHMEM_NR_DIRECT);
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Forwarded-by: Jordan Neumeyer
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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Doug Chapman noticed that mincore() will doa "copy_to_user()" of the
result while holding the mmap semaphore for reading, which is a big
no-no. While a recursive read-lock on a semaphore in the case of a page
fault happens to work, we don't actually allow them due to deadlock
schenarios with writers due to fairness issues.
Doug and Marcel sent in a patch to fix it, but I decided to just rewrite
the mess instead - not just fixing the locking problem, but making the
code smaller and (imho) much easier to understand.
Also included are two fixes for the original patch including one
by Oleg Nesterov.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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This patch prevents cross-region mappings
on IA64 and SPARC which could lead to system crash.
Adrian Bunk:
Adapted to 2.6.16.
Signed-Off-By: Kirill Korotaev <dev@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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1434 static inline void cow_user_page(struct page *dst, struct page *src, unsigned long va)
1435 {
1436 /*
1437 * If the source page was a PFN mapping, we don't have
1438 * a "struct page" for it. We do a best-effort copy by
1439 * just copying from the original user address. If that
1440 * fails, we just zero-fill it. Live with it.
1441 */
1442 if (unlikely(!src)) {
1443 void *kaddr = kmap_atomic(dst, KM_USER0);
1444 void __user *uaddr = (void __user *)(va & PAGE_MASK);
1445
1446 /*
1447 * This really shouldn't fail, because the page is there
1448 * in the page tables. But it might just be unreadable,
1449 * in which case we just give up and fill the result with
1450 * zeroes.
1451 */
1452 if (__copy_from_user_inatomic(kaddr, uaddr, PAGE_SIZE))
1453 memset(kaddr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
1454 kunmap_atomic(kaddr, KM_USER0);
#### D-cache have to be flushed here.
#### It seems it is just forgotten.
1455 return;
1456
1457 }
1458 copy_user_highpage(dst, src, va);
#### Ok here. flush_dcache_page() called from this func if arch need it
1459 }
Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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Memory hotplug code of i386 adds memory to only highmem. So, if
CONFIG_HIGHMEM is not set, CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG shouldn't be set.
Otherwise, it causes compile error.
In addition, many architecture can't use memory hotplug feature yet. So, I
introduce CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG.
Signed-off-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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2.6.16 needs this. It was merged into 2.6.18-rc1.
pdflush is carefully designed to ensure that all wakeups have some
corresponding work to do - if a woken-up pdflush thread discovers that
it hasn't been given any work to do then this is considered an error.
That all broke when swsusp came along - because a timer-delivered
wakeup to a frozen pdflush thread will just get lost. This causes the
pdflush thread to get lost as well: the writeback timer is supposed to
be re-armed by pdflush in process context, but pdflush doesn't execute
the callout which does this.
Fix that up by ignoring the return value from try_to_freeze(): jsut
proceed, see if we have any work pending and only go back to sleep if
that is not the case.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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I noticed a strange behavior in a tmpfs file system the other day, while
building packages - occasionally, and seemingly at random, make decided to
rebuild a target. However, only on tmpfs.
A file would be created, and if checked, it had a sub-second timestamp.
However, after an utimes related call where sub-seconds should be set, they
were zeroed instead. In the case that a file was created, and utimes(...,NULL)
was used on it in the same second, the timestamp on the file moved backwards.
After some digging, I found that this was being caused by tmpfs not having a
time granularity set, thus inheriting the default 1 second granularity.
Hugh adds: yes, we missed tmpfs when the s_time_gran mods went into 2.6.11.
Unfortunately, the granularity of CURRENT_TIME, often used in filesystems,
does not match the default granularity set by alloc_super. A few more such
discrepancies have been found, but this is the most important to fix now.
Signed-off-by: Robin H. Johnson <robbat2@gentoo.org>
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
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Fix an infrequently encountered 'sleeping function called
from invalid context' in the cpuset hooks in __alloc_pages.
Could sleep while interrupts disabled.
The routine cpuset_zone_allowed() is called by code in
mm/page_alloc.c __alloc_pages() to determine if a zone is
allowed in the current tasks cpuset. This routine can sleep,
for certain GFP_KERNEL allocations, if the zone is on a memory
node not allowed in the current cpuset, but might be allowed
in a parent cpuset.
But we can't sleep in __alloc_pages() if in interrupt, nor
if called for a GFP_ATOMIC request (__GFP_WAIT not set in
gfp_flags).
The rule was intended to be:
Don't call cpuset_zone_allowed() if you can't sleep, unless you
pass in the __GFP_HARDWALL flag set in gfp_flag, which disables
the code that might scan up ancestor cpusets and sleep.
This rule was being violated due to a bogus change made (by myself,
pj) to __alloc_pages() as part of the November 2005 effort to
cleanup its logic.
The bogus change can be seen at:
http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-11/4691.html
[PATCH 01/05] mm fix __alloc_pages cpuset ALLOC_* flags
This was first noticed on a tight memory system, in code that
was disabling interrupts and doing allocation requests with
__GFP_WAIT not set, which resulted in __might_sleep() writing
complaints to the log "Debug: sleeping function called ...",
when the code in cpuset_zone_allowed() tried to take the
callback_sem cpuset semaphore.
Special thanks to Dave Chinner, for figuring this out,
and a tip of the hat to Nick Piggin who warned me of this
back in Nov 2005, before I was ready to listen.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
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Currently we check PageDirty() in order to make the decision to swap out
the page. However, the dirty information may be only be contained in the
ptes pointing to the page. We need to first unmap the ptes before checking
for PageDirty(). If unmap is successful then the page count of the page
will also be decreased so that pageout() works properly.
This is a fix necessary for 2.6.17. Without this fix we may migrate dirty
pages for filesystems without migration functions. Filesystems may keep
pointers to dirty pages. Migration of dirty pages can result in the
filesystem keeping pointers to freed pages.
Unmapping is currently not be separated out from removing all the
references to a page and moving the mapping. Therefore try_to_unmap will
be called again in migrate_page() if the writeout is successful. However,
it wont do anything since the ptes are already removed.
The coming updates to the page migration code will restructure the code
so that this is no longer necessary.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
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Basic problem: pages of a shared memory segment can only be migrated once.
In 2.6.16 through 2.6.17-rc1, shared memory mappings do not have a
migratepage address space op. Therefore, migrate_pages() falls back to
default processing. In this path, it will try to pageout() dirty pages.
Once a shared memory page has been migrated it becomes dirty, so
migrate_pages() will try to page it out. However, because the page count
is 3 [cache + current + pte], pageout() will return PAGE_KEEP because
is_page_cache_freeable() returns false. This will abort all subsequent
migrations.
This patch adds a migratepage address space op to shared memory segments to
avoid taking the default path. We use the "migrate_page()" function
because it knows how to migrate dirty pages. This allows shared memory
segment pages to migrate, subject to other conditions such as # pte's
referencing the page [page_mapcount(page)], when requested.
I think this is safe. If we're migrating a shared memory page, then we
found the page via a page table, so it must be in memory.
Can be verified with memtoy and the shmem-mbind-test script, both
available at: http://free.linux.hp.com/~lts/Tools/
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
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gather_stats() is called with a spinlock held from check_pte_range. We
cannot reschedule with a lock held.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
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madvise_remove needs to respect file and mmap protections.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
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Rohit found an obscure bug causing buddy list corruption.
page_is_buddy is using a non-atomic test (PagePrivate && page_count == 0)
to determine whether or not a free page's buddy is itself free and in the
buddy lists.
Each of the conjuncts may be true at different times due to unrelated
conditions, so the non-atomic page_is_buddy test may find each conjunct to
be true even if they were not both true at the same time (ie. the page was
not on the buddy lists).
Signed-off-by: Martin Bligh <mbligh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Rohit Seth <rohitseth@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
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Lee Revell reported 28ms latency when process with lots of swapped memory
exits.
2.6.15 introduced a latency regression when unmapping: in accounting the
zap_work latency breaker, pte_none counted 1, pte_present PAGE_SIZE, but a
swap entry counted nothing at all. We think of pages present as the slow
case, but Lee's trace shows that free_swap_and_cache's radix tree lookup
can make a lot of work - and we could have been doing it many thousands of
times without a latency break.
Move the zap_work update up to account swap entries like pages present.
This does account non-linear pte_file entries, and unmap_mapping_range
skipping over swap entries, by the same amount even though they're quick:
but neither of those cases deserves complicating the code (and they're
treated no worse than they were in 2.6.14).
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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We can call try_to_release_page() with PagePrivate off and a valid
page->mapping This may cause all sorts of trouble for the filesystem
*_releasepage() handlers. XFS bombs out in that case.
Lock the page before checking for page private.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Currently the migration of anonymous pages will silently fail if no swap is
setup. This patch makes page migration functions check for available swap
and fail with -ENODEV if no swap space is available.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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It seems that setting scheduling policy and priorities is also the kind of
thing that might be performed in apps that also use the NUMA API, so it
would seem consistent to use CAP_SYS_NICE for NUMA also.
So use CAP_SYS_NICE for controlling migration permissions.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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page migration currently simply retries a couple of times if try_to_unmap()
fails without inspecting the return code.
However, SWAP_FAIL indicates that the page is in a vma that has the
VM_LOCKED flag set (if ignore_refs ==1). We can check for that return code
and avoid retrying the migration.
migrate_page_remove_references() now needs to return a reason why the
failure occured. So switch migrate_page_remove_references to use -Exx
style error messages.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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The cache reaper currently tries to free all alien caches and all remote
per cpu pages in each pass of cache_reap. For a machines with large number
of nodes (such as Altix) this may lead to sporadic delays of around ~10ms.
Interrupts are disabled while reclaiming creating unacceptable delays.
This patch changes that behavior by adding a per cpu reap_node variable.
Instead of attempting to free all caches, we free only one alien cache and
the per cpu pages from one remote node. That reduces the time spend in
cache_reap. However, doing so will lengthen the time it takes to
completely drain all remote per cpu pagesets and all alien caches. The
time needed will grow with the number of nodes in the system. All caches
are drained when they overflow their respective capacity. So the drawback
here is only that a bit of memory may be wasted for awhile longer.
Details:
1. Rename drain_remote_pages to drain_node_pages to allow the specification
of the node to drain of pcp pages.
2. Add additional functions init_reap_node, next_reap_node for NUMA
that manage a per cpu reap_node counter.
3. Add a reap_alien function that reaps only from the current reap_node.
For us this seems to be a critical issue. Holdoffs of an average of ~7ms
cause some HPC benchmarks to slow down significantly. F.e. NAS parallel
slows down dramatically. NAS parallel has a 12-16 seconds runtime w/o rotor
compared to 5.8 secs with the rotor patches. It gets down to 5.05 secs with
the additional interrupt holdoff reductions.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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When pages are onlined, not only zone->present_pages but also
pgdat->node_present_pages should be refreshed.
This parameter is used to show information at
/sys/device/system/node/nodeX/meminfo via si_meminfo_node().
So, it shows strange value for MemUsed which is calculated
(node_present_pages - all zones free pages).
Signed-off-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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If the process has already set PF_MALLOC and is already using
current->reclaim_state then do not try to reclaim memory from the zone.
This is set by kswapd and/or synchrononous global reclaim which will not
take it lightly if we zap the reclaim_state.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sig.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Remove two early-development BUG_ONs from page_add_file_rmap.
The pfn_valid test (originally useful for checking that nobody passed an
artificial struct page) comes too late, since we already have the struct
page.
The PageAnon test (useful when anon was first distinguished from file rmap)
prevents ->nopage implementations from reusing ->mapping, which would
otherwise be available.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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kmem_cache_init() incorrectly assumes that the cache_cache object will fit
in an order 0 allocation. On very large systems, this is not true. Change
the code to try larger order allocations if order 0 fails.
Signed-off-by: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Implement percpu_counter_sum(). This is a more accurate but slower version of
percpu_counter_read_positive().
We need this for Alex's speedup-ext3_statfs patch and for the nr_file
accounting fix. Otherwise these things would be too inaccurate on large CPU
counts.
Cc: Ravikiran G Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Cc: Alex Tomas <alex@clusterfs.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Fix the mm/mempolicy.c build for !CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE.
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Cc: Martin Bligh <mbligh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Instead of having a hard-to-read and confusing conditional in the
caller, just make the slab order calculation handle this special case,
since it's simple and obvious there.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Change the format of numa_maps to be more compact and contain additional
information that is useful for managing and troubleshooting memory on a
NUMA system. Numa_maps can now also support huge pages.
Fixes:
1. More compact format. Only display fields if they contain additional
information.
2. Always display information for all vmas. The old numa_maps did not display
vma with no mapped entries. This was a bit confusing because page
migration removes ptes for file backed vmas. After page migration
a part of the vmas vanished.
3. Rename maxref to maxmap. This is the maximum mapcount of all the pages
in a vma and may be used as an indicator as to how many processes
may be using a certain vma.
4. Include the ability to scan over huge page vmas.
New items shown:
dirty
Number of pages in a vma that have either the dirty bit set in the
page_struct or in the pte.
file=<filename>
The file backing the pages if any
stack
Stack area
heap
Heap area
huge
Huge page area. The number of pages shows is the number of huge
pages not the regular sized pages.
swapcache
Number of pages with swap references. Must be >0 in order to
be shown.
active
Number of active pages. Only displayed if different from the number
of pages mapped.
writeback
Number of pages under writeback. Only displayed if >0.
Sample ouput of a process using huge pages:
00000000 default
2000000000000000 default file=/lib/ld-2.3.90.so mapped=13 mapmax=30 N0=13
2000000000044000 default file=/lib/ld-2.3.90.so anon=2 dirty=2 swapcache=2 N2=2
2000000000064000 default file=/lib/librt-2.3.90.so mapped=2 active=1 N1=1 N3=1
2000000000074000 default file=/lib/librt-2.3.90.so
2000000000080000 default file=/lib/librt-2.3.90.so anon=1 swapcache=1 N2=1
2000000000084000 default
2000000000088000 default file=/lib/libc-2.3.90.so mapped=52 mapmax=32 active=48 N0=52
20000000002bc000 default file=/lib/libc-2.3.90.so
20000000002c8000 default file=/lib/libc-2.3.90.so anon=3 dirty=2 swapcache=3 active=2 N1=1 N2=2
20000000002d4000 default anon=1 swapcache=1 N1=1
20000000002d8000 default file=/lib/libpthread-2.3.90.so mapped=8 mapmax=3 active=7 N2=2 N3=6
20000000002fc000 default file=/lib/libpthread-2.3.90.so
2000000000308000 default file=/lib/libpthread-2.3.90.so anon=1 dirty=1 swapcache=1 N1=1
200000000030c000 default anon=1 dirty=1 swapcache=1 N1=1
2000000000320000 default anon=1 dirty=1 N1=1
200000000071c000 default
2000000000720000 default anon=2 dirty=2 swapcache=1 N1=1 N2=1
2000000000f1c000 default
2000000000f20000 default anon=2 dirty=2 swapcache=1 active=1 N2=1 N3=1
200000000171c000 default
2000000001720000 default anon=1 dirty=1 swapcache=1 N1=1
2000000001b20000 default
2000000001b38000 default file=/lib/libgcc_s.so.1 mapped=2 N1=2
2000000001b48000 default file=/lib/libgcc_s.so.1
2000000001b54000 default file=/lib/libgcc_s.so.1 anon=1 dirty=1 active=0 N1=1
2000000001b58000 default file=/lib/libunwind.so.7.0.0 mapped=2 active=1 N1=2
2000000001b74000 default file=/lib/libunwind.so.7.0.0
2000000001b80000 default file=/lib/libunwind.so.7.0.0
2000000001b84000 default
4000000000000000 default file=/media/huge/test9 mapped=1 N1=1
6000000000000000 default file=/media/huge/test9 anon=1 dirty=1 active=0 N1=1
6000000000004000 default heap
607fffff7fffc000 default anon=1 dirty=1 swapcache=1 N2=1
607fffffff06c000 default stack anon=1 dirty=1 active=0 N1=1
8000000060000000 default file=/mnt/huge/test0 huge dirty=3 N1=3
8000000090000000 default file=/mnt/huge/test1 huge dirty=3 N0=1 N2=2
80000000c0000000 default file=/mnt/huge/test2 huge dirty=3 N1=1 N3=2
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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If we triggered the 'offslab_limit' test, we would return with
cachep->gfporder incremented once too many times.
This clarifies the logic somewhat, and fixes that bug.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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We want to use the "struct slab" size, not the size of the pointer to
same. As it is, we'd not print out the last <n> entry pointers in the
slab (where <n> is ~10, depending on whether it's a 32-bit or 64-bit
kernel).
Gaah, that slab code was written by somebody who likes unreadable crud.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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numa_maps should not scan over huge vmas in order not to cause problems for
non IA64 platforms that may have pte entries pointing to huge pages in a
variety of ways in their page tables. Add a simple check to ignore vmas
containing huge pages.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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I seem to have lost this read_unlock().
While we're there, let's turn that interruptible sleep unto uninterruptible,
so we don't get a busywait if signal_pending(). (Again. We seem to have a
habit of doing this).
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Under some circumstances `points' can get printed before it's initialised.
Spotted by Carlos Martin <carlos@cmartin.tk>.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Fix oprofile linkage. Pointed out by "Luke Yang" <luke.adi@gmail.com>.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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remove_from_swap() currently attempts to use page_lock_anon_vma to obtain
an anon_vma lock. That is not working since the page may have been
remapped via swap ptes in order to move the page.
However, do_migrate_pages() obtain the mmap_sem lock and therefore there is
a guarantee that the anonymous vma will not vanish from under us. There is
therefore no need to use page_lock_anon_vma.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Currently sys_migrate_pages only moves pages belonging to a process. This
is okay when invoked from a regular user. But if invoked from root it
should move all pages as documented in the migrate_pages manpage.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- PF_SWAPWRITE needs to be set for RECLAIM_SWAP to be able to write
out pages to swap. Currently RECLAIM_SWAP may not do that.
- remove setting nr_reclaimed pages after slab reclaim since the slab shrinking
code does not use that and the nr_reclaimed pages is just right for the
intended follow up action.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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migrate_pages_to() allocates a list of new pages on the intended target
node or with the intended policy and then uses the list of new pages as
targets for the migration of a list of pages out of place.
When the pages are allocated it is not clear which of the out of place
pages will be moved to the new pages. So we cannot specify an address as
needed by alloc_page_vma(). This causes problem for MPOL_INTERLEAVE which
will currently allocate the pages on the first node of the set. If mbind
is used with vma that has the policy of MPOL_INTERLEAVE then the
interleaving of pages may be destroyed.
This patch fixes that by generating a fake address for each alloc_page_vma
which will result is a distribution of pages as prescribed by
MPOL_INTERLEAVE.
Lee also noted that the sequence of nodes for the new pages seems to be
inverted. So we also invert the way the lists of pages for migration are
build.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Looks-ok-to: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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I've been dissatisfied with the mpol_nodelist mount option which was
added to tmpfs earlier in -rc. Replace it by mpol=policy:nodelist.
And it was broken: a nodelist is a comma-separated list of numbers and
ranges; the mount options are a comma-separated list of token=values.
Whoops, blindly strsep'ing on commas doesn't work so well: since we've
no numeric tokens, and unlikely to add them, use that to distinguish.
Move the mpol= parsing to shmem_parse_mpol under CONFIG_NUMA, reject
all its options as invalid if not NUMA. /proc shows MPOL_PREFERRED
as "prefer", so use that name for the policy instead of "preferred".
Enforce that mpol=default has no nodelist; that mpol=prefer has one
node only; that mpol=bind has a nodelist; but let mpol=interleave use
node_online_map if no nodelist given. Describe this in tmpfs.txt.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Acked-by: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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[akpm; it happens that the code was still correct, only inefficient ]
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Signed-off-by: Luke Yang <luke.adi@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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maxnode is a bit index and can't be directly compared against a byte length
like PAGE_SIZE
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Some allocations are restricted to a limited set of nodes (due to memory
policies or cpuset constraints). If the page allocator is not able to find
enough memory then that does not mean that overall system memory is low.
In particular going postal and more or less randomly shooting at processes
is not likely going to help the situation but may just lead to suicide (the
whole system coming down).
It is better to signal to the process that no memory exists given the
constraints that the process (or the configuration of the process) has
placed on the allocation behavior. The process may be killed but then the
sysadmin or developer can investigate the situation. The solution is
similar to what we do when running out of hugepages.
This patch adds a check before we kill processes. At that point
performance considerations do not matter much so we just scan the zonelist
and reconstruct a list of nodes. If the list of nodes does not contain all
online nodes then this is a constrained allocation and we should kill the
current process.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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In the badness() calculation, there's currently this piece of code:
/*
* Processes which fork a lot of child processes are likely
* a good choice. We add the vmsize of the children if they
* have an own mm. This prevents forking servers to flood the
* machine with an endless amount of children
*/
list_for_each(tsk, &p->children) {
struct task_struct *chld;
chld = list_entry(tsk, struct task_struct, sibling);
if (chld->mm = p->mm && chld->mm)
points += chld->mm->total_vm;
}
The intention is clear: If some server (apache) keeps spawning new children
and we run OOM, we want to kill the father rather than picking a child.
This -- to some degree -- also helps a bit with getting fork bombs under
control, though I'd consider this a desirable side-effect rather than a
feature.
There's one problem with this: No matter how many or few children there are,
if just one of them misbehaves, and all others (including the father) do
everything right, we still always kill the whole family. This hits in real
life; whether it's javascript in konqueror resulting in kdeinit (and thus the
whole KDE session) being hit or just a classical server that spawns children.
Sidenote: The killer does kill all direct children as well, not only the
selected father, see oom_kill_process().
The idea in attached patch is that we do want to account the memory
consumption of the (direct) children to the father -- however not fully.
This maintains the property that fathers with too many children will still
very likely be picked, whereas a single misbehaving child has the chance to
be picked by the OOM killer.
In the patch I account only half (rounded up) of the children's vm_size to
the parent. This means that if one child eats more mem than the rest of
the family, it will be picked, otherwise it's still the father and thus the
whole family that gets selected.
This is heuristics -- we could debate whether accounting for a fourth would
be better than for half of it. Or -- if people would consider it worth the
trouble -- make it a sysctl. For now I sticked to accounting for half,
which should IMHO be a significant improvement.
The patch does one more thing: As users tend to be irritated by the choice
of killed processes (mainly because the children are killed first, despite
some of them having a very low OOM score), I added some more output: The
selected (father) process will be reported first and it's oom_score printed
to syslog.
Description:
Only account for half of children's vm size in oom score calculation
This should still give the parent enough point in case of fork bombs. If
any child however has more than 50% of the vm size of all children
together, it'll get a higher score and be elected.
This patch also makes the kernel display the oom_score.
Signed-off-by: Kurt Garloff <garloff@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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