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2011-06-04job control: introduce task_set_jobctl_pending()Tejun Heo
task->jobctl currently hosts JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING and will host TRAP pending bits too. Setting pending conditions on a dying task may make the task unkillable. Currently, each setting site is responsible for checking for the condition but with to-be-added job control traps this becomes too fragile. This patch adds task_set_jobctl_pending() which should be used when setting task->jobctl bits to schedule a stop or trap. The function performs the followings to ease setting pending bits. * Sanity checks. * If fatal signal is pending or PF_EXITING is set, no bit is set. * STOP_SIGMASK is automatically cleared if new value is being set. do_signal_stop() and ptrace_attach() are updated to use task_set_jobctl_pending() instead of setting STOP_PENDING explicitly. The surrounding structures around setting are changed to fit task_set_jobctl_pending() better but there should be no userland visible behavior difference. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-04job control: make task_clear_jobctl_pending() clear TRAPPING automaticallyTejun Heo
JOBCTL_TRAPPING indicates that ptracer is waiting for tracee to (re)transit into TRACED. task_clear_jobctl_pending() must be called when either tracee enters TRACED or the transition is cancelled for some reason. The former is achieved by explicitly calling task_clear_jobctl_pending() in ptrace_stop() and the latter by calling it at the end of do_signal_stop(). Calling task_clear_jobctl_trapping() at the end of do_signal_stop() limits the scope TRAPPING can be used and is fragile in that seemingly unrelated changes to tracee's control flow can lead to stuck TRAPPING. We already have task_clear_jobctl_pending() calls on those cancelling events to clear JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING. Cancellations can be handled by making those call sites use JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK instead and updating task_clear_jobctl_pending() such that task_clear_jobctl_trapping() is called automatically if no stop/trap is pending. This patch makes the above changes and removes the fallback task_clear_jobctl_trapping() call from do_signal_stop(). Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-04job control: introduce JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK and task_clear_jobctl_pending()Tejun Heo
This patch introduces JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK and replaces task_clear_jobctl_stop_pending() with task_clear_jobctl_pending() which takes an extra @mask argument. JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK is currently equal to JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING but future patches will add more bits. recalc_sigpending_tsk() is updated to use JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK instead. task_clear_jobctl_pending() takes @mask which in subset of JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK and clears the relevant jobctl bits. If JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING is set, other STOP bits are cleared together. All task_clear_jobctl_stop_pending() users are updated to call task_clear_jobctl_pending() with JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING which is functionally identical to task_clear_jobctl_stop_pending(). This patch doesn't cause any functional change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-04ptrace: relocate set_current_state(TASK_TRACED) in ptrace_stop()Tejun Heo
In ptrace_stop(), after arch hook is done, the task state and jobctl bits are updated while holding siglock. The ordering requirement there is that TASK_TRACED is set before JOBCTL_TRAPPING is cleared to prevent ptracer waiting on TRAPPING doesn't end up waking up TRACED is actually set and sees TASK_RUNNING in wait(2). Move set_current_state(TASK_TRACED) to the top of the block and reorganize comments. This makes the ordering more obvious (TASK_TRACED before other updates) and helps future updates to group stop participation. This patch doesn't cause any functional change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-06-04job control: rename signal->group_stop and flags to jobctl and update themTejun Heo
signal->group_stop currently hosts mostly group stop related flags; however, it's gonna be used for wider purposes and the GROUP_STOP_ flag prefix becomes confusing. Rename signal->group_stop to signal->jobctl and rename all GROUP_STOP_* flags to JOBCTL_*. Bit position macros JOBCTL_*_BIT are defined and JOBCTL_* flags are defined in terms of them to allow using bitops later. While at it, reassign JOBCTL_TRAPPING to bit 22 to better accomodate future additions. This doesn't cause any functional change. -v2: JOBCTL_*_BIT macros added as suggested by Linus. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-05-25signal: sys_pause() should check signal_pending()Oleg Nesterov
ERESTART* is always wrong without TIF_SIGPENDING. Teach sys_pause() to handle the spurious wakeup correctly. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-05-20Merge branch 'ptrace' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/miscLinus Torvalds
* 'ptrace' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/misc: (41 commits) signal: trivial, fix the "timespec declared inside parameter list" warning job control: reorganize wait_task_stopped() ptrace: fix signal->wait_chldexit usage in task_clear_group_stop_trapping() signal: sys_sigprocmask() needs retarget_shared_pending() signal: cleanup sys_sigprocmask() signal: rename signandsets() to sigandnsets() signal: do_sigtimedwait() needs retarget_shared_pending() signal: introduce do_sigtimedwait() to factor out compat/native code signal: sys_rt_sigtimedwait: simplify the timeout logic signal: cleanup sys_rt_sigprocmask() x86: signal: sys_rt_sigreturn() should use set_current_blocked() x86: signal: handle_signal() should use set_current_blocked() signal: sigprocmask() should do retarget_shared_pending() signal: sigprocmask: narrow the scope of ->siglock signal: retarget_shared_pending: optimize while_each_thread() loop signal: retarget_shared_pending: consider shared/unblocked signals only signal: introduce retarget_shared_pending() ptrace: ptrace_check_attach() should not do s/STOPPED/TRACED/ signal: Turn SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED into GROUP_STOP_DEQUEUED signal: do_signal_stop: Remove the unneeded task_clear_group_stop_pending() ...
2011-05-09ptrace: fix signal->wait_chldexit usage in task_clear_group_stop_trapping()Tejun Heo
GROUP_STOP_TRAPPING waiting mechanism piggybacks on signal->wait_chldexit which is primarily used to implement waiting for wait(2) and friends. When do_wait() waits on signal->wait_chldexit, it uses a custom wake up callback, child_wait_callback(), which expects the child task which is waking up the parent to be passed in as @key to filter out spurious wakeups. task_clear_group_stop_trapping() used __wake_up_sync() which uses NULL @key causing the following oops if the parent was doing do_wait(). BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 00000000000002d8 IP: [<ffffffff810499f9>] child_wait_callback+0x29/0x80 PGD 1d899067 PUD 1e418067 PMD 0 Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP last sysfs file: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/local_cpus CPU 2 Modules linked in: Pid: 4498, comm: test-continued Not tainted 2.6.39-rc6-work+ #32 Bochs Bochs RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff810499f9>] [<ffffffff810499f9>] child_wait_callback+0x29/0x80 RSP: 0000:ffff88001b889bf8 EFLAGS: 00010046 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88001fab3af8 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000002 RDI: ffff88001d91df20 RBP: ffff88001b889c08 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: ffff88001fb70550 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000001 FS: 00007f26ccae4700(0000) GS:ffff88001fd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b CR2: 00000000000002d8 CR3: 000000001b8ac000 CR4: 00000000000006e0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Process test-continued (pid: 4498, threadinfo ffff88001b888000, task ffff88001fb88000) Stack: ffff88001b889c18 ffff88001fb70538 ffff88001b889c58 ffffffff810312f9 0000000000000001 0000000200000001 ffff88001b889c58 ffff88001fb70518 0000000000000002 0000000000000082 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 Call Trace: [<ffffffff810312f9>] __wake_up_common+0x59/0x90 [<ffffffff81035263>] __wake_up_sync_key+0x53/0x80 [<ffffffff810352a0>] __wake_up_sync+0x10/0x20 [<ffffffff8105a984>] task_clear_jobctl_trapping+0x44/0x50 [<ffffffff8105bcbc>] ptrace_stop+0x7c/0x290 [<ffffffff8105c20a>] do_signal_stop+0x28a/0x2d0 [<ffffffff8105d27f>] get_signal_to_deliver+0x14f/0x5a0 [<ffffffff81002175>] do_signal+0x75/0x7b0 [<ffffffff8100292d>] do_notify_resume+0x5d/0x70 [<ffffffff8182e36a>] retint_signal+0x46/0x8c Code: 00 00 55 48 89 e5 53 48 83 ec 08 0f 1f 44 00 00 8b 47 d8 83 f8 03 74 3a 85 c0 49 89 c8 75 23 89 c0 48 8b 5f e0 4c 8d 0c 40 31 c0 <4b> 39 9c c8 d8 02 00 00 74 1d 48 83 c4 08 5b c9 c3 66 0f 1f 44 Fix it by using __wake_up_sync_key() and passing in the child as @key. I still think it's a mistake to piggyback on wait_chldexit for this. Given the relative low frequency of ptrace use, we would be much better off leaving already complex wait_chldexit alone and using bit waitqueue. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-05-09signal: sys_sigprocmask() needs retarget_shared_pending()Oleg Nesterov
sys_sigprocmask() changes current->blocked by hand. Convert this code to use set_current_blocked(). Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-04-28signal: cleanup sys_sigprocmask()Oleg Nesterov
Cleanup. Remove the unneeded goto's, we can simply read blocked.sig[0] unconditionally and then copy-to-user it if oset != NULL. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com>
2011-04-28signal: rename signandsets() to sigandnsets()Oleg Nesterov
As Tejun and Linus pointed out, "nand" is the wrong name for "x & ~y", it should be "andn". Rename signandsets() as suggested. Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-28signal: do_sigtimedwait() needs retarget_shared_pending()Oleg Nesterov
do_sigtimedwait() changes current->blocked and thus it needs set_current_blocked()->retarget_shared_pending(). We could use set_current_blocked() directly. It is fine to change ->real_blocked from all-zeroes to ->blocked and vice versa lockless, but this is not immediately clear, looks racy, and needs a huge comment to explain why this is correct. To keep the things simple this patch adds the new static helper, __set_task_blocked() which should be called with ->siglock held. This way we can change both ->real_blocked and ->blocked atomically under ->siglock as the current code does. This is more understandable. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com>
2011-04-28signal: introduce do_sigtimedwait() to factor out compat/native codeOleg Nesterov
Factor out the common code in sys_rt_sigtimedwait/compat_sys_rt_sigtimedwait to the new helper, do_sigtimedwait(). Add the comment to document the extra tick we add to timespec_to_jiffies(ts), thanks to Linus who explained this to me. Perhaps it would be better to move compat_sys_rt_sigtimedwait() into signal.c under CONFIG_COMPAT, then we can make do_sigtimedwait() static. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com>
2011-04-28signal: sys_rt_sigtimedwait: simplify the timeout logicOleg Nesterov
No functional changes, cleanup compat_sys_rt_sigtimedwait() and sys_rt_sigtimedwait(). Calculate the timeout before we take ->siglock, this simplifies and lessens the code. Use timespec_valid() to check the timespec. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com>
2011-04-28signal: cleanup sys_rt_sigprocmask()Oleg Nesterov
sys_rt_sigprocmask() looks unnecessarily complicated, simplify it. We can just read current->blocked lockless unconditionally before anything else and then copy-to-user it if needed. At worst we copy 4 words on mips. We could copy-to-user the old mask first and simplify the code even more, but the patch tries to keep the current behaviour: we change current->block even if copy_to_user(oset) fails. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-28signal: sigprocmask() should do retarget_shared_pending()Oleg Nesterov
In short, almost every changing of current->blocked is wrong, or at least can lead to the unexpected results. For example. Two threads T1 and T2, T1 sleeps in sigtimedwait/pause/etc. kill(tgid, SIG) can pick T2 for TIF_SIGPENDING. If T2 calls sigprocmask() and blocks SIG before it notices the pending signal, nobody else can handle this pending shared signal. I am not sure this is bug, but at least this looks strange imho. T1 should not sleep forever, there is a signal which should wake it up. This patch moves the code which actually changes ->blocked into the new helper, set_current_blocked() and changes this code to call retarget_shared_pending() as exit_signals() does. We should only care about the signals we just blocked, we use "newset & ~current->blocked" as a mask. We do not check !sigisemptyset(newblocked), retarget_shared_pending() is cheap unless mask & shared_pending. Note: for this particular case we could simply change sigprocmask() to return -EINTR if signal_pending(), but then we should change other callers and, more importantly, if we need this fix then set_current_blocked() will have more callers and some of them can't restart. See the next patch as a random example. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-28signal: sigprocmask: narrow the scope of ->siglockOleg Nesterov
No functional changes, preparation to simplify the review of the next change. 1. We can read current->block lockless, nobody else can ever change this mask. 2. Calculate the resulting sigset_t outside of ->siglock into the temporary variable, then take ->siglock and change ->blocked. Also, kill the stale comment about BKL. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-28signal: retarget_shared_pending: optimize while_each_thread() loopOleg Nesterov
retarget_shared_pending() blindly does recalc_sigpending_and_wake() for every sub-thread, this is suboptimal. We can check t->blocked and stop looping once every bit in shared_pending has the new target. Note: we do not take task_is_stopped_or_traced(t) into account, we are not trying to speed up the signal delivery or to avoid the unnecessary (but harmless) signal_wake_up(0) in this unlikely case. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-28signal: retarget_shared_pending: consider shared/unblocked signals onlyOleg Nesterov
exit_signals() checks signal_pending() before retarget_shared_pending() but this is suboptimal. We can avoid the while_each_thread() loop in case when there are no shared signals visible to us. Add the "shared_pending.signal & ~blocked" check. We don't use tsk->blocked directly but pass ~blocked as an argument, this is needed for the next patch. Note: we can optimize this more. while_each_thread(t) can check t->blocked into account and stop after every pending signal has the new target, see the next patch. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-28signal: introduce retarget_shared_pending()Oleg Nesterov
No functional changes. Move the notify-other-threads code from exit_signals() to the new helper, retarget_shared_pending(). Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-08signal.c: fix erroneous syscall kernel-docRandy Dunlap
Fix erroneous syscall kernel-doc comments in kernel/signal.c. Reported-by: Matt Fleming <matt@console-pimps.org> Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-04-07Merge branch 'ptrace' of ↵Oleg Nesterov
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/misc into ptrace
2011-04-07Merge branch 'for-linus2' of git://git.profusion.mobi/users/lucas/linux-2.6Linus Torvalds
* 'for-linus2' of git://git.profusion.mobi/users/lucas/linux-2.6: Fix common misspellings
2011-04-04kernel/signal.c: add kernel-doc notation to syscallsRandy Dunlap
Add kernel-doc to syscalls in signal.c. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-04-04kernel/signal.c: fix typos and coding styleRandy Dunlap
General coding style and comment fixes; no code changes: - Use multi-line-comment coding style. - Put some function signatures completely on one line. - Hyphenate some words. - Spell Posix as POSIX. - Correct typos & spellos in some comments. - Drop trailing whitespace. - End sentences with periods. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-04-04signal: Turn SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED into GROUP_STOP_DEQUEUEDOleg Nesterov
This patch moves SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED from signal_struct->flags to task_struct->group_stop, and thus makes it per-thread. Like SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED, GROUP_STOP_DEQUEUED can be false-positive after return from get_signal_to_deliver(), this is fine. The only purpose of this bit is: we can drop ->siglock after __dequeue_signal() returns the sig_kernel_stop() signal and before we call do_signal_stop(), in this case we must not miss SIGCONT if it comes in between. But, unlike SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED, GROUP_STOP_DEQUEUED can not be false-positive in do_signal_stop() if multiple threads dequeue the sig_kernel_stop() signal at the same time. Consider two threads T1 and T2, SIGTTIN has a hanlder. - T1 dequeues SIGTSTP and sets SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED, then it drops ->siglock - SIGCONT comes and clears SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED, SIGTSTP should be cancelled. - T2 dequeues SIGTTIN and sets SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED again. Since we have a handler we should not stop, T2 returns to usermode to run the handler. - T1 continues, calls do_signal_stop() and wrongly starts the group stop because SIGNAL_STOP_DEQUEUED was restored in between. With or without this change: - we need to do something with ptrace_signal() which can return SIGSTOP, but this needs another discussion - SIGSTOP can be lost if it races with the mt exec, will be fixed later. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-04signal: do_signal_stop: Remove the unneeded task_clear_group_stop_pending()Oleg Nesterov
PF_EXITING or TASK_STOPPED has already called task_participate_group_stop() and cleared its ->group_stop. No need to do task_clear_group_stop_pending() when we start the new group stop. Add a small comment to explain the !task_is_stopped() check. Note that this check is not exactly right and it can lead to unnecessary stop later if the thread is TASK_PTRACED. What we need is task_participated_in_group_stop(), this will be solved later. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-04-04signal: prepare_signal(SIGCONT) shouldn't play with TIF_SIGPENDINGOleg Nesterov
prepare_signal(SIGCONT) should never set TIF_SIGPENDING or wake up the TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE threads. We are going to call complete_signal() which should pick the right thread correctly. All we need is to wake up the TASK_STOPPED threads. If the task was stopped, it can't return to usermode without taking ->siglock. Otherwise we don't care, and the spurious TIF_SIGPENDING can't be useful. The comment says: * If there is a handler for SIGCONT, we must make * sure that no thread returns to user mode before * we post the signal It is not clear what this means. Probably, "when there's only a single thread" and this continues to be true. Otherwise, even if this SIGCONT is not private, with or without this change only one thread can dequeue SIGCONT, other threads can happily return to user mode before before that thread handles this signal. Note also that wake_up_state(t, __TASK_STOPPED) can't race with the task which changes its state, TASK_STOPPED state is protected by ->siglock as well. In short: when it comes to signal delivery, SIGCONT is the normal signal and does not need any special support. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2011-03-31Fix common misspellingsLucas De Marchi
Fixes generated by 'codespell' and manually reviewed. Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
2011-03-28Relax si_code check in rt_sigqueueinfo and rt_tgsigqueueinfoRoland Dreier
Commit da48524eb206 ("Prevent rt_sigqueueinfo and rt_tgsigqueueinfo from spoofing the signal code") made the check on si_code too strict. There are several legitimate places where glibc wants to queue a negative si_code different from SI_QUEUE: - This was first noticed with glibc's aio implementation, which wants to queue a signal with si_code SI_ASYNCIO; the current kernel causes glibc's tst-aio4 test to fail because rt_sigqueueinfo() fails with EPERM. - Further examination of the glibc source shows that getaddrinfo_a() wants to use SI_ASYNCNL (which the kernel does not even define). The timer_create() fallback code wants to queue signals with SI_TIMER. As suggested by Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>, loosen the check to forbid only the problematic SI_TKILL case. Reported-by: Klaus Dittrich <kladit@arcor.de> Acked-by: Julien Tinnes <jln@google.com> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-03-23userns: allow killing tasks in your own or child usernsSerge E. Hallyn
Changelog: Dec 8: Fixed bug in my check_kill_permission pointed out by Eric Biederman. Dec 13: Apply Eric's suggestion to pass target task into kill_ok_by_cred() for clarity Dec 31: address comment by Eric Biederman: don't need cred/tcred in check_kill_permission. Jan 1: use const cred struct. Jan 11: Per Bastian Blank's advice, clean up kill_ok_by_cred(). Feb 16: kill_ok_by_cred: fix bad parentheses Feb 23: per akpm, let compiler inline kill_ok_by_cred Signed-off-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@free.fr> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-03-23job control: Don't send duplicate job control stop notification while ptracedTejun Heo
Just as group_exit_code shouldn't be generated when a PTRACE_CONT'd task re-enters job control stop, notifiction for the event should be suppressed too. The logic is the same as the group_exit_code generation suppression in do_signal_stop(), if SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED is already set, the task is re-entering job control stop without intervening SIGCONT and the notifications should be suppressed. Test case follows. #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <signal.h> #include <time.h> #include <sys/ptrace.h> #include <sys/wait.h> static const struct timespec ts100ms = { .tv_nsec = 100000000 }; static pid_t tracee, tracer; static const char *pid_who(pid_t pid) { return pid == tracee ? "tracee" : (pid == tracer ? "tracer" : "mommy "); } static void sigchld_sigaction(int signo, siginfo_t *si, void *ucxt) { printf("%s: SIG status=%02d code=%02d (%s)\n", pid_who(getpid()), si->si_status, si->si_code, pid_who(si->si_pid)); } int main(void) { const struct sigaction chld_sa = { .sa_sigaction = sigchld_sigaction, .sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO|SA_RESTART }; siginfo_t si; sigaction(SIGCHLD, &chld_sa, NULL); tracee = fork(); if (!tracee) { tracee = getpid(); while (1) pause(); } kill(tracee, SIGSTOP); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); tracer = fork(); if (!tracer) { tracer = getpid(); ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, tracee, NULL, NULL); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL, (void *)(long)si.si_status); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL, (void *)(long)si.si_status); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); printf("tracer: detaching\n"); ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, tracee, NULL, NULL); return 0; } while (1) pause(); return 0; } Before the patch, the parent gets the second notification for the tracee after the tracer detaches. si_status is zero because group_exit_code is not set by the group stop completion which triggered this notification. mommy : SIG status=19 code=05 (tracee) tracer: SIG status=00 code=05 (tracee) tracer: SIG status=19 code=04 (tracee) tracer: SIG status=00 code=05 (tracee) tracer: detaching mommy : SIG status=00 code=05 (tracee) mommy : SIG status=00 code=01 (tracer) ^C After the patch, the duplicate notification is gone. mommy : SIG status=19 code=05 (tracee) tracer: SIG status=00 code=05 (tracee) tracer: SIG status=19 code=04 (tracee) tracer: SIG status=00 code=05 (tracee) tracer: detaching mommy : SIG status=00 code=01 (tracer) ^C Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-03-23job control: Notify the real parent of job control events regardless of ptraceTejun Heo
With recent changes, job control and ptrace stopped states are properly separated and accessible to the real parent and the ptracer respectively; however, notifications of job control stopped/continued events to the real parent while ptraced are still missing. A ptracee participates in group stop in ptrace_stop() but the completion isn't notified. If participation results in completion of group stop, notify the real parent of the event. The ptrace and group stops are separate and can be handled as such. However, when the real parent and the ptracer are in the same thread group, only the ptrace stop event is visible through wait(2) and the duplicate notifications are different from the current behavior and are confusing. Suppress group stop notification in such cases. The continued state is shared between the real parent and the ptracer but is only meaningful to the real parent. Always notify the real parent and notify the ptracer too for backward compatibility. Similar to stop notification, if the real parent is the ptracer, suppress a duplicate notification. Test case follows. #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <time.h> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/ptrace.h> #include <sys/wait.h> int main(void) { const struct timespec ts100ms = { .tv_nsec = 100000000 }; pid_t tracee, tracer; siginfo_t si; int i; tracee = fork(); if (tracee == 0) { while (1) { printf("tracee: SIGSTOP\n"); raise(SIGSTOP); nanosleep(&ts100ms, NULL); printf("tracee: SIGCONT\n"); raise(SIGCONT); nanosleep(&ts100ms, NULL); } } waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED | WNOHANG | WNOWAIT); tracer = fork(); if (tracer == 0) { nanosleep(&ts100ms, NULL); ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, tracee, NULL, NULL); for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { si.si_pid = 0; waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); if (si.si_pid && si.si_code == CLD_TRAPPED) ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL, (void *)(long)si.si_status); } printf("tracer: EXITING\n"); return 0; } while (1) { si.si_pid = 0; waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED | WCONTINUED | WEXITED); if (si.si_pid) printf("mommy : WAIT status=%02d code=%02d\n", si.si_status, si.si_code); } return 0; } Before this patch, while ptraced, the real parent doesn't get notifications for job control events, so although it can access those events, the later waitid(2) call never wakes up. tracee: SIGSTOP mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05 tracee: SIGCONT tracee: SIGSTOP tracee: SIGCONT tracee: SIGSTOP tracee: SIGCONT tracee: SIGSTOP tracer: EXITING mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05 ^C After this patch, it works as expected. tracee: SIGSTOP mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05 tracee: SIGCONT mommy : WAIT status=18 code=06 tracee: SIGSTOP mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05 tracee: SIGCONT mommy : WAIT status=18 code=06 tracee: SIGSTOP mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05 tracee: SIGCONT mommy : WAIT status=18 code=06 tracee: SIGSTOP tracer: EXITING mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05 ^C -v2: Oleg pointed out that * Group stop notification to the real parent should also happen when ptracer detach races with ptrace_stop(). * real_parent_is_ptracer() should be testing thread group equality not the task itself as wait(2) and stop/cont notifications are normally thread-group wide. Both issues are fixed accordingly. -v3: real_parent_is_ptracer() updated to test child->real_parent instead of child->group_leader->real_parent per Oleg's suggestion. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-03-23job control: Job control stop notifications should always go to the real parentTejun Heo
The stopped notifications in do_signal_stop() and exit_signals() are always for the completion of job control. The one in do_signal_stop() may be delivered to the ptracer if PTRACE_ATTACH races with notification and the one in exit_signals() if task exits while ptraced. In both cases, the notifications are meaningless and confusing to the ptracer as it never accesses the group stop state while the real parent would miss notifications for the events it is watching. Make sure these notifications always go to the real parent by calling do_notify_parent_cld_stop() with %false @for_ptrace. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-03-23job control: Add @for_ptrace to do_notify_parent_cldstop()Tejun Heo
Currently, do_notify_parent_cldstop() determines whether the notification is for the real parent or ptracer. Move the decision to the caller by adding @for_ptrace parameter to do_notify_parent_cldstop(). All the callers are updated to pass task_ptrace(target_task), so this patch doesn't cause any behavior difference. While at it, add function comment to do_notify_parent_cldstop(). Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-03-23job control: Don't set group_stop exit_code if re-entering job control stopTejun Heo
While ptraced, a task may be resumed while the containing process is still job control stopped. If the task receives another stop signal in this state, it will still initiate group stop, which generates group_exit_code, which the real parent would be able to see once the ptracer detaches. In this scenario, the real parent may see two consecutive CLD_STOPPED events from two stop signals without intervening SIGCONT, which normally is impossible. Test case follows. #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/ptrace.h> #include <sys/wait.h> int main(void) { pid_t tracee; siginfo_t si; tracee = fork(); if (!tracee) while (1) pause(); kill(tracee, SIGSTOP); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); if (!fork()) { ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, tracee, NULL, NULL); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL, (void *)(long)si.si_status); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL, (void *)(long)si.si_status); waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED); ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, tracee, NULL, NULL); return 0; } while (1) { si.si_pid = 0; waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED | WNOHANG); if (si.si_pid) printf("st=%02d c=%02d\n", si.si_status, si.si_code); } return 0; } Before the patch, the latter waitid() in polling mode reports the second stopped event generated by the implied SIGSTOP of PTRACE_ATTACH. st=19 c=05 ^C After the patch, the second event is not reported. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
2011-03-23ptrace: Clean transitions between TASK_STOPPED and TRACEDTejun Heo
Currently, if the task is STOPPED on ptrace attach, it's left alone and the state is silently changed to TRACED on the next ptrace call. The behavior breaks the assumption that arch_ptrace_stop() is called before any task is poked by ptrace and is ugly in that a task manipulates the state of another task directly. With GROUP_STOP_PENDING, the transitions between TASK_STOPPED and TRACED can be made clean. The tracer can use the flag to tell the tracee to retry stop on attach and detach. On retry, the tracee will enter the desired state in the correct way. The lower 16bits of task->group_stop is used to remember the signal number which caused the last group stop. This is used while retrying for ptrace attach as the original group_exit_code could have been consumed with wait(2) by then. As the real parent may wait(2) and consume the group_exit_code anytime, the group_exit_code needs to be saved separately so that it can be used when switching from regular sleep to ptrace_stop(). This is recorded in the lower 16bits of task->group_stop. If a task is already stopped and there's no intervening SIGCONT, a ptrace request immediately following a successful PTRACE_ATTACH should always succeed even if the tracer doesn't wait(2) for attach completion; however, with this change, the tracee might still be TASK_RUNNING trying to enter TASK_TRACED which would cause the following request to fail with -ESRCH. This intermediate state is hidden from the ptracer by setting GROUP_STOP_TRAPPING on attach and making ptrace_check_attach() wait for it to clear on its signal->wait_chldexit. Completing the transition or getting killed clears TRAPPING and wakes up the tracer. Note that the STOPPED -> RUNNING -> TRACED transition is still visible to other threads which are in the same group as the ptracer and the reverse transition is visible to all. Please read the comments for details. Oleg: * Spotted a race condition where a task may retry group stop without proper bookkeeping. Fixed by redoing bookkeeping on retry. * Spotted that the transition is visible to userland in several different ways. Most are fixed with GROUP_STOP_TRAPPING. Unhandled corner case is documented. * Pointed out not setting GROUP_STOP_SIGMASK on an already stopped task would result in more consistent behavior. * Pointed out that calling ptrace_stop() from do_signal_stop() in TASK_STOPPED can race with group stop start logic and then confuse the TRAPPING wait in ptrace_check_attach(). ptrace_stop() is now called with TASK_RUNNING. * Suggested using signal->wait_chldexit instead of bit wait. * Spotted a race condition between TRACED transition and clearing of TRAPPING. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
2011-03-23ptrace: Make do_signal_stop() use ptrace_stop() if the task is being ptracedTejun Heo
A ptraced task would still stop at do_signal_stop() when it's stopping for stop signals and do_signal_stop() behaves the same whether the task is ptraced or not. However, in addition to stopping, ptrace_stop() also does ptrace specific stuff like calling architecture specific callbacks, so this behavior makes the code more fragile and difficult to understand. This patch makes do_signal_stop() test whether the task is ptraced and use ptrace_stop() if so. This renders tracehook_notify_jctl() rather pointless as the ptrace notification is now handled by ptrace_stop() regardless of the return value from the tracehook. It probably is a good idea to update it. This doesn't solve the whole problem as tasks already in stopped state would stay in the regular stop when ptrace attached. That part will be handled by the next patch. Oleg pointed out that this makes a userland-visible change. Before, SIGCONT would be able to wake up a task in group stop even if the task is ptraced if the tracer hasn't issued another ptrace command afterwards (as the next ptrace commands transitions the state into TASK_TRACED which ignores SIGCONT wakeups). With this and the next patch, SIGCONT may race with the transition into TASK_TRACED and is ignored if the tracee already entered TASK_TRACED. Another userland visible change of this and the next patch is that the ptracee's state would now be TASK_TRACED where it used to be TASK_STOPPED, which is visible via fs/proc. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
2011-03-23ptrace: Participate in group stop from ptrace_stop() iff the task is ↵Tejun Heo
trapping for group stop Currently, ptrace_stop() unconditionally participates in group stop bookkeeping. This is unnecessary and inaccurate. Make it only participate if the task is trapping for group stop - ie. if @why is CLD_STOPPED. As ptrace_stop() currently is not used when trapping for group stop, this equals to disabling group stop participation from ptrace_stop(). A visible behavior change is increased likelihood of delayed group stop completion if the thread group contains one or more ptraced tasks. This is to preapre for further cleanup of the interaction between group stop and ptrace. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-23signal: Use GROUP_STOP_PENDING to stop once for a single group stopTejun Heo
Currently task->signal->group_stop_count is used to decide whether to stop for group stop. However, if there is a task in the group which is taking a long time to stop, other tasks which are continued by ptrace would repeatedly stop for the same group stop until the group stop is complete. Conversely, if a ptraced task is in TASK_TRACED state, the debugger won't get notified of group stops which is inconsistent compared to the ptraced task in any other state. This patch introduces GROUP_STOP_PENDING which tracks whether a task is yet to stop for the group stop in progress. The flag is set when a group stop starts and cleared when the task stops the first time for the group stop, and consulted whenever whether the task should participate in a group stop needs to be determined. Note that now tasks in TASK_TRACED also participate in group stop. This results in the following behavior changes. * For a single group stop, a ptracer would see at most one stop reported. * A ptracee in TASK_TRACED now also participates in group stop and the tracer would get the notification. However, as a ptraced task could be in TASK_STOPPED state or any ptrace trap could consume group stop, the notification may still be missing. These will be addressed with further patches. * A ptracee may start a group stop while one is still in progress if the tracer let it continue with stop signal delivery. Group stop code handles this correctly. Oleg: * Spotted that a task might skip signal check even when its GROUP_STOP_PENDING is set. Fixed by updating recalc_sigpending_tsk() to check GROUP_STOP_PENDING instead of group_stop_count. * Pointed out that task->group_stop should be cleared whenever task->signal->group_stop_count is cleared. Fixed accordingly. * Pointed out the behavior inconsistency between TASK_TRACED and RUNNING and the last behavior change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-23signal: Fix premature completion of group stop when interfered by ptraceTejun Heo
task->signal->group_stop_count is used to track the progress of group stop. It's initialized to the number of tasks which need to stop for group stop to finish and each stopping or trapping task decrements. However, each task doesn't keep track of whether it decremented the counter or not and if woken up before the group stop is complete and stops again, it can decrement the counter multiple times. Please consider the following example code. static void *worker(void *arg) { while (1) ; return NULL; } int main(void) { pthread_t thread; pid_t pid; int i; pid = fork(); if (!pid) { for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) pthread_create(&thread, NULL, worker, NULL); while (1) ; return 0; } ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, NULL, NULL); while (1) { waitid(P_PID, pid, NULL, WSTOPPED); ptrace(PTRACE_SINGLESTEP, pid, NULL, (void *)(long)SIGSTOP); } return 0; } The child creates five threads and the parent continuously traps the first thread and whenever the child gets a signal, SIGSTOP is delivered. If an external process sends SIGSTOP to the child, all other threads in the process should reliably stop. However, due to the above bug, the first thread will often end up consuming group_stop_count multiple times and SIGSTOP often ends up stopping none or part of the other four threads. This patch adds a new field task->group_stop which is protected by siglock and uses GROUP_STOP_CONSUME flag to track which task is still to consume group_stop_count to fix this bug. task_clear_group_stop_pending() and task_participate_group_stop() are added to help manipulating group stop states. As ptrace_stop() now also uses task_participate_group_stop(), it will set SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED if it completes a group stop. There still are many issues regarding the interaction between group stop and ptrace. Patches to address them will follow. - Oleg spotted duplicate GROUP_STOP_CONSUME. Dropped. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-23ptrace: Add @why to ptrace_stop()Tejun Heo
To prepare for cleanup of the interaction between group stop and ptrace, add @why to ptrace_stop(). Existing users are updated such that there is no behavior change. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-23ptrace: Kill tracehook_notify_jctl()Tejun Heo
tracehook_notify_jctl() aids in determining whether and what to report to the parent when a task is stopped or continued. The function also adds an extra requirement that siglock may be released across it, which is currently unused and quite difficult to satisfy in well-defined manner. As job control and the notifications are about to receive major overhaul, remove the tracehook and open code it. If ever necessary, let's factor it out after the overhaul. * Oleg spotted incorrect CLD_CONTINUED/STOPPED selection when ptraced. Fixed. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-23signal: Remove superflous try_to_freeze() loop in do_signal_stop()Tejun Heo
do_signal_stop() is used only by get_signal_to_deliver() and after a successful signal stop, it always calls try_to_freeze(), so the try_to_freeze() loop around schedule() in do_signal_stop() is superflous and confusing. Remove it. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-23signal: Fix SIGCONT notification codeTejun Heo
After a task receives SIGCONT, its parent is notified via SIGCHLD with its siginfo describing what the notified event is. If SIGCONT is received while the child process is stopped, the code should be CLD_CONTINUED. If SIGCONT is recieved while the child process is in the process of being stopped, it should be CLD_STOPPED. Which code to use is determined in prepare_signal() and recorded in signal->flags using SIGNAL_CLD_CONTINUED|STOP flags. get_signal_deliver() should test these flags and then notify accoringly; however, it incorrectly tested SIGNAL_STOP_CONTINUED instead of SIGNAL_CLD_CONTINUED, thus incorrectly notifying CLD_CONTINUED if the signal is delivered before the task is wait(2)ed and CLD_STOPPED if the state was fetched already. Fix it by testing SIGNAL_CLD_CONTINUED. While at it, uncompress the ?: test into if/else clause for better readability. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
2011-03-21Prevent rt_sigqueueinfo and rt_tgsigqueueinfo from spoofing the signal codeJulien Tinnes
Userland should be able to trust the pid and uid of the sender of a signal if the si_code is SI_TKILL. Unfortunately, the kernel has historically allowed sigqueueinfo() to send any si_code at all (as long as it was negative - to distinguish it from kernel-generated signals like SIGILL etc), so it could spoof a SI_TKILL with incorrect siginfo values. Happily, it looks like glibc has always set si_code to the appropriate SI_QUEUE, so there are probably no actual user code that ever uses anything but the appropriate SI_QUEUE flag. So just tighten the check for si_code (we used to allow any negative value), and add a (one-time) warning in case there are binaries out there that might depend on using other si_code values. Signed-off-by: Julien Tinnes <jln@google.com> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-27signals: annotate lock context change on ptrace_stop()Namhyung Kim
ptrace_stop() releases and regrabs current->sighand->siglock but was missing proper annotation. Add it. Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-27signals: annotate lock_task_sighand()Namhyung Kim
lock_task_sighand() grabs sighand->siglock in case of returning non-NULL but unlock_task_sighand() releases it unconditionally. This leads sparse to complain about the lock context imbalance. Rename and wrap lock_task_sighand() using __cond_lock() macro to make sparse happy. Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-10-07HWPOISON: Copy si_addr_lsb to userAndi Kleen
The original hwpoison code added a new siginfo field si_addr_lsb to pass the granuality of the fault address to user space. Unfortunately this field was never copied to user space. Fix this here. I added explicit checks for the MCEERR codes to avoid having to patch all potential callers to initialize the field. Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
2010-08-04CRED: Fix RCU warning due to previous patch fixing __task_cred()'s checksDavid Howells
Commit 8f92054e7ca1 ("CRED: Fix __task_cred()'s lockdep check and banner comment") fixed the lockdep checks on __task_cred(). This has shown up a place in the signalling code where a lock should be held - namely that check_kill_permission() requires its callers to hold the RCU lock. Fix group_send_sig_info() to get the RCU read lock around its call to check_kill_permission(). Without this patch, the following warning can occur: =================================================== [ INFO: suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage. ] --------------------------------------------------- kernel/signal.c:660 invoked rcu_dereference_check() without protection! ... Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>