| Age | Commit message (Collapse) | Author |
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I think zone->present_pages indicates pages that buddy system can management,
it should be:
zone->present_pages = spanned pages - absent pages - bootmem pages,
but is now:
zone->present_pages = spanned pages - absent pages - memmap pages.
spanned pages: total size, including holes.
absent pages: holes.
bootmem pages: pages used in system boot, managed by bootmem allocator.
memmap pages: pages used by page structs.
This may cause zone->present_pages less than it should be. For example,
numa node 1 has ZONE_NORMAL and ZONE_MOVABLE, it's memmap and other
bootmem will be allocated from ZONE_MOVABLE, so ZONE_NORMAL's
present_pages should be spanned pages - absent pages, but now it also
minus memmap pages(free_area_init_core), which are actually allocated from
ZONE_MOVABLE. When offlining all memory of a zone, this will cause
zone->present_pages less than 0, because present_pages is unsigned long
type, it is actually a very large integer, it indirectly caused
zone->watermark[WMARK_MIN] becomes a large
integer(setup_per_zone_wmarks()), than cause totalreserve_pages become a
large integer(calculate_totalreserve_pages()), and finally cause memory
allocating failure when fork process(__vm_enough_memory()).
[root@localhost ~]# dmesg
-bash: fork: Cannot allocate memory
I think the bug described in
http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=134502182714186&w=2
is also caused by wrong zone present pages.
This patch intends to fix-up zone->present_pages when memory are freed to
buddy system on x86_64 and IA64 platforms.
Signed-off-by: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Reported-by: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE implementation of pmdp_get_and_clear()
calls pmd_clear() with 3 arguments instead of 1.
This happens only for !__HAVE_ARCH_PMDP_GET_AND_CLEAR which doesn't seem
to happen because x86 defines this and it uses pmd_update.
[mhocko@suse.cz: changelog addition]
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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__alloc_contig_migrate_alloc() can be used by memory-hotplug so refactor
it out (move + rename as a common name) into page_isolation.c.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes]
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Compaction caches if a pageblock was scanned and no pages were isolated so
that the pageblocks can be skipped in the future to reduce scanning. This
information is not cleared by the page allocator based on activity due to
the impact it would have to the page allocator fast paths. Hence there is
a requirement that something clear the cache or pageblocks will be skipped
forever. Currently the cache is cleared if there were a number of recent
allocation failures and it has not been cleared within the last 5 seconds.
Time-based decisions like this are terrible as they have no relationship
to VM activity and is basically a big hammer.
Unfortunately, accurate heuristics would add cost to some hot paths so
this patch implements a rough heuristic. There are two cases where the
cache is cleared.
1. If a !kswapd process completes a compaction cycle (migrate and free
scanner meet), the zone is marked compact_blockskip_flush. When kswapd
goes to sleep, it will clear the cache. This is expected to be the
common case where the cache is cleared. It does not really matter if
kswapd happens to be asleep or going to sleep when the flag is set as
it will be woken on the next allocation request.
2. If there have been multiple failures recently and compaction just
finished being deferred then a process will clear the cache and start a
full scan. This situation happens if there are multiple high-order
allocation requests under heavy memory pressure.
The clearing of the PG_migrate_skip bits and other scans is inherently
racy but the race is harmless. For allocations that can fail such as THP,
they will simply fail. For requests that cannot fail, they will retry the
allocation. Tests indicated that scanning rates were roughly similar to
when the time-based heuristic was used and the allocation success rates
were similar.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Davies <richard@arachsys.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This is almost entirely based on Rik's previous patches and discussions
with him about how this might be implemented.
Order > 0 compaction stops when enough free pages of the correct page
order have been coalesced. When doing subsequent higher order
allocations, it is possible for compaction to be invoked many times.
However, the compaction code always starts out looking for things to
compact at the start of the zone, and for free pages to compact things to
at the end of the zone.
This can cause quadratic behaviour, with isolate_freepages starting at the
end of the zone each time, even though previous invocations of the
compaction code already filled up all free memory on that end of the zone.
This can cause isolate_freepages to take enormous amounts of CPU with
certain workloads on larger memory systems.
This patch caches where the migration and free scanner should start from
on subsequent compaction invocations using the pageblock-skip information.
When compaction starts it begins from the cached restart points and will
update the cached restart points until a page is isolated or a pageblock
is skipped that would have been scanned by synchronous compaction.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Davies <richard@arachsys.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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When compaction was implemented it was known that scanning could
potentially be excessive. The ideal was that a counter be maintained for
each pageblock but maintaining this information would incur a severe
penalty due to a shared writable cache line. It has reached the point
where the scanning costs are a serious problem, particularly on
long-lived systems where a large process starts and allocates a large
number of THPs at the same time.
Instead of using a shared counter, this patch adds another bit to the
pageblock flags called PG_migrate_skip. If a pageblock is scanned by
either migrate or free scanner and 0 pages were isolated, the pageblock is
marked to be skipped in the future. When scanning, this bit is checked
before any scanning takes place and the block skipped if set.
The main difficulty with a patch like this is "when to ignore the cached
information?" If it's ignored too often, the scanning rates will still be
excessive. If the information is too stale then allocations will fail
that might have otherwise succeeded. In this patch
o CMA always ignores the information
o If the migrate and free scanner meet then the cached information will
be discarded if it's at least 5 seconds since the last time the cache
was discarded
o If there are a large number of allocation failures, discard the cache.
The time-based heuristic is very clumsy but there are few choices for a
better event. Depending solely on multiple allocation failures still
allows excessive scanning when THP allocations are failing in quick
succession due to memory pressure. Waiting until memory pressure is
relieved would cause compaction to continually fail instead of using
reclaim/compaction to try allocate the page. The time-based mechanism is
clumsy but a better option is not obvious.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Davies <richard@arachsys.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <b.zolnierkie@samsung.com>
Cc: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This reverts commit 7db8889ab05b ("mm: have order > 0 compaction start
off where it left") and commit de74f1cc ("mm: have order > 0 compaction
start near a pageblock with free pages"). These patches were a good
idea and tests confirmed that they massively reduced the amount of
scanning but the implementation is complex and tricky to understand. A
later patch will cache what pageblocks should be skipped and
reimplements the concept of compact_cached_free_pfn on top for both
migration and free scanners.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Davies <richard@arachsys.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Commit 0ee332c14518 ("memblock: Kill early_node_map[]") removed
early_node_map[]. Clean up the comments to comply with that change.
Signed-off-by: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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.fault now can retry. The retry can break state machine of .fault. In
filemap_fault, if page is miss, ra->mmap_miss is increased. In the second
try, since the page is in page cache now, ra->mmap_miss is decreased. And
these are done in one fault, so we can't detect random mmap file access.
Add a new flag to indicate .fault is tried once. In the second try, skip
ra->mmap_miss decreasing. The filemap_fault state machine is ok with it.
I only tested x86, didn't test other archs, but looks the change for other
archs is obvious, but who knows :)
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@fusionio.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The x86 implementation of atomic_dec_if_positive is quite generic, so make
it available to all architectures.
This is needed for "swap: add a simple detector for inappropriate swapin
readahead".
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: do the "#define foo foo" trick in the conventional manner]
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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If race between allocation and isolation in memory-hotplug offline
happens, some pages could be in MIGRATE_MOVABLE of free_list although the
pageblock's migratetype of the page is MIGRATE_ISOLATE.
The race could be detected by get_freepage_migratetype in
__test_page_isolated_in_pageblock. If it is detected, now EBUSY gets
bubbled all the way up and the hotplug operations fails.
But better idea is instead of returning and failing memory-hotremove, move
the free page to the correct list at the time it is detected. It could
enhance memory-hotremove operation success ratio although the race is
really rare.
Suggested by Mel Gorman.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: small cleanup]
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The page allocator caches the pageblock information in page->private while
it is in the PCP freelists but this is overwritten with the order of the
page when freed to the buddy allocator. This patch stores the migratetype
of the page in the page->index field so that it is available at all times
when the page remain in free_list.
This patch adds a new call site in __free_pages_ok so it might be overhead
a bit but it's for high order allocation. So I believe damage isn't hurt.
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The page allocator uses set_page_private and page_private for handling
migratetype when it frees page. Let's replace them with [set|get]
_freepage_migratetype to make it more clear.
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES counter to be later used for checking watermark in
__zone_watermark_ok(). For simplicity and to avoid #ifdef hell make this
counter always available (not only when CONFIG_CMA=y).
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use conventional migratetype naming]
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <b.zolnierkie@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Drop clean cache pages instead of migration during alloc_contig_range() to
minimise allocation latency by reducing the amount of migration that is
necessary. It's useful for CMA because latency of migration is more
important than evicting the background process's working set. In
addition, as pages are reclaimed then fewer free pages for migration
targets are required so it avoids memory reclaiming to get free pages,
which is a contributory factor to increased latency.
I measured elapsed time of __alloc_contig_migrate_range() which migrates
10M in 40M movable zone in QEMU machine.
Before - 146ms, After - 7ms
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix nommu build]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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During mremap(), the destination VMA is generally placed after the
original vma in rmap traversal order: in move_vma(), we always have
new_pgoff >= vma->vm_pgoff, and as a result new_vma->vm_pgoff >=
vma->vm_pgoff unless vma_merge() merged the new vma with an adjacent one.
When the destination VMA is placed after the original in rmap traversal
order, we can avoid taking the rmap locks in move_ptes().
Essentially, this reintroduces the optimization that had been disabled in
"mm anon rmap: remove anon_vma_moveto_tail". The difference is that we
don't try to impose the rmap traversal order; instead we just rely on
things being in the desired order in the common case and fall back to
taking locks in the uncommon case. Also we skip the i_mmap_mutex in
addition to the anon_vma lock: in both cases, the vmas are traversed in
increasing vm_pgoff order with ties resolved in tree insertion order.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add a CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_RB build option for the previously existing
DEBUG_MM_RB code. Now that Andi Kleen modified it to avoid using
recursive algorithms, we can expose it a bit more.
Also extend this code to validate_mm() after stack expansion, and to check
that the vma's start and last pgoffs have not changed since the nodes were
inserted on the anon vma interval tree (as it is important that the nodes
be reindexed after each such update).
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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When a large VMA (anon or private file mapping) is first touched, which
will populate its anon_vma field, and then split into many regions through
the use of mprotect(), the original anon_vma ends up linking all of the
vmas on a linked list. This can cause rmap to become inefficient, as we
have to walk potentially thousands of irrelevent vmas before finding the
one a given anon page might fall into.
By replacing the same_anon_vma linked list with an interval tree (where
each avc's interval is determined by its vma's start and last pgoffs), we
can make rmap efficient for this use case again.
While the change is large, all of its pieces are fairly simple.
Most places that were walking the same_anon_vma list were looking for a
known pgoff, so they can just use the anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach()
interval tree iterator instead. The exception here is ksm, where the
page's index is not known. It would probably be possible to rework ksm so
that the index would be known, but for now I have decided to keep things
simple and just walk the entirety of the interval tree there.
When updating vma's that already have an anon_vma assigned, we must take
care to re-index the corresponding avc's on their interval tree. This is
done through the use of anon_vma_interval_tree_pre_update_vma() and
anon_vma_interval_tree_post_update_vma(), which remove the avc's from
their interval tree before the update and re-insert them after the update.
The anon_vma stays locked during the update, so there is no chance that
rmap would miss the vmas that are being updated.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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mremap() had a clever optimization where move_ptes() did not take the
anon_vma lock to avoid a race with anon rmap users such as page migration.
Instead, the avc's were ordered in such a way that the origin vma was
always visited by rmap before the destination. This ordering and the use
of page table locks rmap usage safe. However, we want to replace the use
of linked lists in anon rmap with an interval tree, and this will make it
harder to impose such ordering as the interval tree will always be sorted
by the avc->vma->vm_pgoff value. For now, let's replace the
anon_vma_moveto_tail() ordering function with proper anon_vma locking in
move_ptes(). Once we have the anon interval tree in place, we will
re-introduce an optimization to avoid taking these locks in the most
common cases.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Update the generic interval tree code that was introduced in "mm: replace
vma prio_tree with an interval tree".
Changes:
- fixed 'endpoing' typo noticed by Andrew Morton
- replaced include/linux/interval_tree_tmpl.h, which was used as a
template (including it automatically defined the interval tree
functions) with include/linux/interval_tree_generic.h, which only
defines a preprocessor macro INTERVAL_TREE_DEFINE(), which itself
defines the interval tree functions when invoked. Now that is a very
long macro which is unfortunate, but it does make the usage sites
(lib/interval_tree.c and mm/interval_tree.c) a bit nicer than previously.
- make use of RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS() in the INTERVAL_TREE_DEFINE() macro,
instead of duplicating that code in the interval tree template.
- replaced vma_interval_tree_add(), which was actually handling the
nonlinear and interval tree cases, with vma_interval_tree_insert_after()
which handles only the interval tree case and has an API that is more
consistent with the other interval tree handling functions.
The nonlinear case is now handled explicitly in kernel/fork.c dup_mmap().
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Provide rb_insert_augmented() and rb_erase_augmented() through a new
rbtree_augmented.h include file. rb_erase_augmented() is defined there as
an __always_inline function, in order to allow inlining of augmented
rbtree callbacks into it. Since this generates a relatively large
function, each augmented rbtree user should make sure to have a single
call site.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
After both prio_tree users have been converted to use red-black trees,
there is no need to keep around the prio tree library anymore.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Implement an interval tree as a replacement for the VMA prio_tree. The
algorithms are similar to lib/interval_tree.c; however that code can't be
directly reused as the interval endpoints are not explicitly stored in the
VMA. So instead, the common algorithm is moved into a template and the
details (node type, how to get interval endpoints from the node, etc) are
filled in using the C preprocessor.
Once the interval tree functions are available, using them as a
replacement to the VMA prio tree is a relatively simple, mechanical job.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Patch 1 implements support for interval trees, on top of the augmented
rbtree API. It also adds synthetic tests to compare the performance of
interval trees vs prio trees. Short answers is that interval trees are
slightly faster (~25%) on insert/erase, and much faster (~2.4 - 3x)
on search. It is debatable how realistic the synthetic test is, and I have
not made such measurements yet, but my impression is that interval trees
would still come out faster.
Patch 2 uses a preprocessor template to make the interval tree generic,
and uses it as a replacement for the vma prio_tree.
Patch 3 takes the other prio_tree user, kmemleak, and converts it to use
a basic rbtree. We don't actually need the augmented rbtree support here
because the intervals are always non-overlapping.
Patch 4 removes the now-unused prio tree library.
Patch 5 proposes an additional optimization to rb_erase_augmented, now
providing it as an inline function so that the augmented callbacks can be
inlined in. This provides an additional 5-10% performance improvement
for the interval tree insert/erase benchmark. There is a maintainance cost
as it exposes augmented rbtree users to some of the rbtree library internals;
however I think this cost shouldn't be too high as I expect the augmented
rbtree will always have much less users than the base rbtree.
I should probably add a quick summary of why I think it makes sense to
replace prio trees with augmented rbtree based interval trees now. One of
the drivers is that we need augmented rbtrees for Rik's vma gap finding
code, and once you have them, it just makes sense to use them for interval
trees as well, as this is the simpler and more well known algorithm. prio
trees, in comparison, seem *too* clever: they impose an additional 'heap'
constraint on the tree, which they use to guarantee a faster worst-case
complexity of O(k+log N) for stabbing queries in a well-balanced prio
tree, vs O(k*log N) for interval trees (where k=number of matches,
N=number of intervals). Now this sounds great, but in practice prio trees
don't realize this theorical benefit. First, the additional constraint
makes them harder to update, so that the kernel implementation has to
simplify things by balancing them like a radix tree, which is not always
ideal. Second, the fact that there are both index and heap properties
makes both tree manipulation and search more complex, which results in a
higher multiplicative time constant. As it turns out, the simple interval
tree algorithm ends up running faster than the more clever prio tree.
This patch:
Add two test modules:
- prio_tree_test measures the performance of lib/prio_tree.c, both for
insertion/removal and for stabbing searches
- interval_tree_test measures the performance of a library of equivalent
functionality, built using the augmented rbtree support.
In order to support the second test module, lib/interval_tree.c is
introduced. It is kept separate from the interval_tree_test main file
for two reasons: first we don't want to provide an unfair advantage
over prio_tree_test by having everything in a single compilation unit,
and second there is the possibility that the interval tree functionality
could get some non-test users in kernel over time.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
As proposed by Peter Zijlstra, this makes it easier to define the augmented
rbtree callbacks.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
convert arch/x86/mm/pat_rbtree.c to the proposed augmented rbtree api
and remove the old augmented rbtree implementation.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Introduce new augmented rbtree APIs that allow minimal recalculation of
augmented node information.
A new callback is added to the rbtree insertion and erase rebalancing
functions, to be called on each tree rotations. Such rotations preserve
the subtree's root augmented value, but require recalculation of the one
child that was previously located at the subtree root.
In the insertion case, the handcoded search phase must be updated to
maintain the augmented information on insertion, and then the rbtree
coloring/rebalancing algorithms keep it up to date.
In the erase case, things are more complicated since it is library
code that manipulates the rbtree in order to remove internal nodes.
This requires a couple additional callbacks to copy a subtree's
augmented value when a new root is stitched in, and to recompute
augmented values down the ancestry path when a node is removed from
the tree.
In order to preserve maximum speed for the non-augmented case,
we provide two versions of each tree manipulation function.
rb_insert_augmented() is the augmented equivalent of rb_insert_color(),
and rb_erase_augmented() is the augmented equivalent of rb_erase().
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
rbtree users must use the documented APIs to manipulate the tree
structure. Low-level helpers to manipulate node colors and parenthood are
not part of that API, so move them to lib/rbtree.c
[dwmw2@infradead.org: fix jffs2 build issue due to renamed __rb_parent_color field]
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Empty nodes have no color. We can make use of this property to simplify
the code emitted by the RB_EMPTY_NODE and RB_CLEAR_NODE macros. Also,
we can get rid of the rb_init_node function which had been introduced by
commit 88d19cf37952 ("timers: Add rb_init_node() to allow for stack
allocated rb nodes") to avoid some issue with the empty node's color not
being initialized.
I'm not sure what the RB_EMPTY_NODE checks in rb_prev() / rb_next() are
doing there, though. axboe introduced them in commit 10fd48f2376d
("rbtree: fixed reversed RB_EMPTY_NODE and rb_next/prev"). The way I
see it, the 'empty node' abstraction is only used by rbtree users to
flag nodes that they haven't inserted in any rbtree, so asking the
predecessor or successor of such nodes doesn't make any sense.
One final rb_init_node() caller was recently added in sysctl code to
implement faster sysctl name lookups. This code doesn't make use of
RB_EMPTY_NODE at all, and from what I could see it only called
rb_init_node() under the mistaken assumption that such initialization was
required before node insertion.
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fix net/ceph/osd_client.c build]
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
I recently started looking at the rbtree code (with an eye towards
improving the augmented rbtree support, but I haven't gotten there yet).
I noticed a lot of possible speed improvements, which I am now proposing
in this patch set.
Patches 1-4 are preparatory: remove internal functions from rbtree.h so
that users won't be tempted to use them instead of the documented APIs,
clean up some incorrect usages I've noticed (in particular, with the
recently added fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c rbtree usage), reference the
documentation so that people have one less excuse to miss it, etc.
Patch 5 is a small module I wrote to check the rbtree performance. It
creates 100 nodes with random keys and repeatedly inserts and erases them
from an rbtree. Additionally, it has code to check for rbtree invariants
after each insert or erase operation.
Patches 6-12 is where the rbtree optimizations are done, and they touch
only that one file, lib/rbtree.c . I am getting good results out of these
- in my small benchmark doing rbtree insertion (including search) and
erase, I'm seeing a 30% runtime reduction on Sandybridge E5, which is more
than I initially thought would be possible. (the results aren't as
impressive on my two other test hosts though, AMD barcelona and Intel
Westmere, where I am seeing 14% runtime reduction only). The code size -
both source (ommiting comments) and compiled - is also shorter after these
changes. However, I do admit that the updated code is more arduous to
read - one big reason for that is the removal of the tree rotation
helpers, which added some overhead but also made it easier to reason about
things locally. Overall, I believe this is an acceptable compromise,
given that this code doesn't get modified very often, and that I have good
tests for it.
Upon Peter's suggestion, I added comments showing the rtree configuration
before every rotation. I think they help; however it's still best to have
a copy of the cormen/leiserson/rivest book when digging into this code.
This patch: reference Documentation/rbtree.txt for usage instructions
include/linux/rbtree.h included some basic usage instructions, while
Documentation/rbtree.txt had some more complete and easier to follow
instructions. Replacing the former with a reference to the latter.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Daniel Santos <daniel.santos@pobox.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
On s390, a valid page table entry must not be changed while it is attached
to any CPU. So instead of pmd_mknotpresent() and set_pmd_at(), an IDTE
operation would be necessary there. This patch introduces the
pmdp_invalidate() function, to allow architecture-specific
implementations.
Signed-off-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
The thp page table pre-allocation code currently assumes that pgtable_t is
of type "struct page *". This may not be true for all architectures, so
this patch removes that assumption by replacing the functions
prepare_pmd_huge_pte() and get_pmd_huge_pte() with two new functions that
can be defined architecture-specific.
It also removes two VM_BUG_ON checks for page_count() and page_mapcount()
operating on a pgtable_t. Apart from the VM_BUG_ON removal, there will be
no functional change introduced by this patch.
Signed-off-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
The deprecated /proc/<pid>/oom_adj is scheduled for removal this month.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@gnu.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
schedule
With an RCU based mmu_notifier implementation, any callout to
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_{start,end}() or
mmu_notifier_invalidate_page() would not be allowed to call schedule()
as that could potentially allow a modification to the mmu_notifier
structure while it is currently being used.
Since srcu allocs 4 machine words per instance per cpu, we may end up
with memory exhaustion if we use srcu per mm. So all mms share a global
srcu. Note that during large mmu_notifier activity exit & unregister
paths might hang for longer periods, but it is tolerable for current
mmu_notifier clients.
Signed-off-by: Sagi Grimberg <sagig@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Haggai Eran <haggaie@mellanox.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
There is a bug in set_pte_at_notify() which always sets the pte to the
new page before releasing the old page in the secondary MMU. At this
time, the process will access on the new page, but the secondary MMU
still access on the old page, the memory is inconsistent between them
The below scenario shows the bug more clearly:
at the beginning: *p = 0, and p is write-protected by KSM or shared with
parent process
CPU 0 CPU 1
write 1 to p to trigger COW,
set_pte_at_notify will be called:
*pte = new_page + W; /* The W bit of pte is set */
*p = 1; /* pte is valid, so no #PF */
return back to secondary MMU, then
the secondary MMU read p, but get:
*p == 0;
/*
* !!!!!!
* the host has already set p to 1, but the secondary
* MMU still get the old value 0
*/
call mmu_notifier_change_pte to release
old page in secondary MMU
We can fix it by release old page first, then set the pte to the new
page.
Note, the new page will be firstly used in secondary MMU before it is
mapped into the page table of the process, but this is safe because it
is protected by the page table lock, there is no race to change the pte
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment from Andrea]
Signed-off-by: Xiao Guangrong <xiaoguangrong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
shared_policy_replace() use of sp_alloc() is unsafe. 1) sp_node cannot
be dereferenced if sp->lock is not held and 2) another thread can modify
sp_node between spin_unlock for allocating a new sp node and next
spin_lock. The bug was introduced before 2.6.12-rc2.
Kosaki's original patch for this problem was to allocate an sp node and
policy within shared_policy_replace and initialise it when the lock is
reacquired. I was not keen on this approach because it partially
duplicates sp_alloc(). As the paths were sp->lock is taken are not that
performance critical this patch converts sp->lock to sp->mutex so it can
sleep when calling sp_alloc().
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: Original patch]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
made available
While compaction is migrating pages to free up large contiguous blocks
for allocation it races with other allocation requests that may steal
these blocks or break them up. This patch alters direct compaction to
capture a suitable free page as soon as it becomes available to reduce
this race. It uses similar logic to split_free_page() to ensure that
watermarks are still obeyed.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
A long time ago, in v2.4, VM_RESERVED kept swapout process off VMA,
currently it lost original meaning but still has some effects:
| effect | alternative flags
-+------------------------+---------------------------------------------
1| account as reserved_vm | VM_IO
2| skip in core dump | VM_IO, VM_DONTDUMP
3| do not merge or expand | VM_IO, VM_DONTEXPAND, VM_HUGETLB, VM_PFNMAP
4| do not mlock | VM_IO, VM_DONTEXPAND, VM_HUGETLB, VM_PFNMAP
This patch removes reserved_vm counter from mm_struct. Seems like nobody
cares about it, it does not exported into userspace directly, it only
reduces total_vm showed in proc.
Thus VM_RESERVED can be replaced with VM_IO or pair VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP.
remap_pfn_range() and io_remap_pfn_range() set VM_IO|VM_DONTEXPAND|VM_DONTDUMP.
remap_vmalloc_range() set VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci.c fixup]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Rename VM_NODUMP into VM_DONTDUMP: this name matches other negative flags:
VM_DONTEXPAND, VM_DONTCOPY. Currently this flag used only for
sys_madvise. The next patch will use it for replacing the outdated flag
VM_RESERVED.
Also forbid madvise(MADV_DODUMP) for special kernel mappings VM_SPECIAL
(VM_IO | VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_RESERVED | VM_PFNMAP)
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Currently the kernel sets mm->exe_file during sys_execve() and then tracks
number of vmas with VM_EXECUTABLE flag in mm->num_exe_file_vmas, as soon
as this counter drops to zero kernel resets mm->exe_file to NULL. Plus it
resets mm->exe_file at last mmput() when mm->mm_users drops to zero.
VMA with VM_EXECUTABLE flag appears after mapping file with flag
MAP_EXECUTABLE, such vmas can appears only at sys_execve() or after vma
splitting, because sys_mmap ignores this flag. Usually binfmt module sets
mm->exe_file and mmaps executable vmas with this file, they hold
mm->exe_file while task is running.
comment from v2.6.25-6245-g925d1c4 ("procfs task exe symlink"),
where all this stuff was introduced:
> The kernel implements readlink of /proc/pid/exe by getting the file from
> the first executable VMA. Then the path to the file is reconstructed and
> reported as the result.
>
> Because of the VMA walk the code is slightly different on nommu systems.
> This patch avoids separate /proc/pid/exe code on nommu systems. Instead of
> walking the VMAs to find the first executable file-backed VMA we store a
> reference to the exec'd file in the mm_struct.
>
> That reference would prevent the filesystem holding the executable file
> from being unmounted even after unmapping the VMAs. So we track the number
> of VM_EXECUTABLE VMAs and drop the new reference when the last one is
> unmapped. This avoids pinning the mounted filesystem.
exe_file's vma accounting is hooked into every file mmap/unmmap and vma
split/merge just to fix some hypothetical pinning fs from umounting by mm,
which already unmapped all its executable files, but still alive.
Seems like currently nobody depends on this behaviour. We can try to
remove this logic and keep mm->exe_file until final mmput().
mm->exe_file is still protected with mm->mmap_sem, because we want to
change it via new sys_prctl(PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE). Also via this syscall
task can change its mm->exe_file and unpin mountpoint explicitly.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Move actual pte filling for non-linear file mappings into the new special
vma operation: ->remap_pages().
Filesystems must implement this method to get non-linear mapping support,
if it uses filemap_fault() then generic_file_remap_pages() can be used.
Now device drivers can implement this method and obtain nonlinear vma support.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com> #arch/tile
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
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Merge VM_INSERTPAGE into VM_MIXEDMAP. VM_MIXEDMAP VMA can mix pure-pfn
ptes, special ptes and normal ptes.
Now copy_page_range() always copies VM_MIXEDMAP VMA on fork like
VM_PFNMAP. If driver populates whole VMA at mmap() it probably not
expects page-faults.
This patch removes special check from vma_wants_writenotify() which
disables pages write tracking for VMA populated via vm_instert_page().
BDI below mapped file should not use dirty-accounting, moreover
do_wp_page() can handle this.
vm_insert_page() still marks vma after first usage. Usually it is called
from f_op->mmap() handler under mm->mmap_sem write-lock, so it able to
change vma->vm_flags. Caller must set VM_MIXEDMAP at mmap time if it
wants to call this function from other places, for example from page-fault
handler.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Combine several arch-specific vma flags into one.
before patch:
0x00000200 0x01000000 0x20000000 0x40000000
x86 VM_NOHUGEPAGE VM_HUGEPAGE - VM_PAT
powerpc - - VM_SAO -
parisc VM_GROWSUP - - -
ia64 VM_GROWSUP - - -
nommu - VM_MAPPED_COPY - -
others - - - -
after patch:
0x00000200 0x01000000 0x20000000 0x40000000
x86 - VM_PAT VM_HUGEPAGE VM_NOHUGEPAGE
powerpc - VM_SAO - -
parisc - VM_GROWSUP - -
ia64 - VM_GROWSUP - -
nommu - VM_MAPPED_COPY - -
others - VM_ARCH_1 - -
And voila! One completely free bit.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Replace the generic vma-flag VM_PFN_AT_MMAP with x86-only VM_PAT.
We can toss mapping address from remap_pfn_range() into
track_pfn_vma_new(), and collect all PAT-related logic together in
arch/x86/.
This patch also restores orignal frustration-free is_cow_mapping() check
in remap_pfn_range(), as it was before commit v2.6.28-rc8-88-g3c8bb73
("x86: PAT: store vm_pgoff for all linear_over_vma_region mappings - v3")
is_linear_pfn_mapping() checks can be removed from mm/huge_memory.c,
because it already handled by VM_PFNMAP in VM_NO_THP bit-mask.
[suresh.b.siddha@intel.com: Reset the VM_PAT flag as part of untrack_pfn_vma()]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
vm_insert_pfn
With PAT enabled, vm_insert_pfn() looks up the existing pfn memory
attribute and uses it. Expectation is that the driver reserves the
memory attributes for the pfn before calling vm_insert_pfn().
remap_pfn_range() (when called for the whole vma) will setup a new
attribute (based on the prot argument) for the specified pfn range.
This addresses the legacy usage which typically calls remap_pfn_range()
with a desired memory attribute. For ranges smaller than the vma size
(which is typically not the case), remap_pfn_range() will use the
existing memory attribute for the pfn range.
Expose two different API's for these different behaviors.
track_pfn_insert() for tracking the pfn attribute set by vm_insert_pfn()
and track_pfn_remap() for the remap_pfn_range().
This cleanup also prepares the ground for the track/untrack pfn vma
routines to take over the ownership of setting PAT specific vm_flag in
the 'vma'.
[khlebnikov@openvz.org: Clear checks in track_pfn_remap()]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak a few comments]
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
When transparent huge pages were introduced, memory compaction and swap
storms were an issue, and the kernel had to be careful to not make THP
allocations cause pageout or compaction.
Now that we have working compaction deferral, kswapd is smart enough to
invoke compaction and the quadratic behaviour around isolate_free_pages
has been fixed, it should be safe to remove __GFP_NO_KSWAPD.
[minchan@kernel.org: Comment fix]
[mgorman@suse.de: Avoid direct reclaim for deferred compaction]
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound
Pull sound updates from Takashi Iwai:
"This contains pretty many small commits covering fairly large range of
files in sound/ directory. Partly because of additional API support
and partly because of constantly developed ASoC and ARM stuff.
Some highlights:
- Introduced the helper function and documentation for exposing the
channel map via control API, as discussed in Plumbers; most of PCI
drivers are covered, will follow more drivers later
- Most of drivers have been replaced with the new PM callbacks (if
the bus is supported)
- HD-audio controller got the support of runtime PM and the support
of D3 clock-stop. Also changing the power_save option in sysfs
kicks off immediately to enable / disable the power-save mode.
- Another significant code change in HD-audio is the rewrite of
firmware loading code. Other than that, most of changes in
HD-audio are continued cleanups and standardization for the generic
auto parser and bug fixes (HBR, device-specific fixups), in
addition to the support of channel-map API.
- Addition of ASoC bindings for the compressed API, used by the
mid-x86 drivers.
- Lots of cleanups and API refreshes for ASoC codec drivers and
DaVinci.
- Conversion of OMAP to dmaengine.
- New machine driver for Wolfson Microelectronics Bells.
- New CODEC driver for Wolfson Microelectronics WM0010.
- Enhancements to the ux500 and wm2000 drivers
- A new driver for DA9055 and the support for regulator bypass mode."
Fix up various arm soc header file reorg conflicts.
* tag 'sound-3.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound: (339 commits)
ALSA: hda - Add new codec ALC283 ALC290 support
ALSA: hda - avoid unneccesary indices on "Headphone Jack" controls
ALSA: hda - fix indices on boost volume on Conexant
ALSA: aloop - add locking to timer access
ALSA: hda - Fix hang caused by race during suspend.
sound: Remove unnecessary semicolon
ALSA: hda/realtek - Fix detection of ALC271X codec
ALSA: hda - Add inverted internal mic quirk for Lenovo IdeaPad U310
ALSA: hda - make Realtek/Sigmatel/Conexant use the generic unsol event
ALSA: hda - make a generic unsol event handler
ASoC: codecs: Add DA9055 codec driver
ASoC: eukrea-tlv320: Convert it to platform driver
ALSA: ASoC: add DT bindings for CS4271
ASoC: wm_hubs: Ensure volume updates are handled during class W startup
ASoC: wm5110: Adding missing volume update bits
ASoC: wm5110: Add OUT3R support
ASoC: wm5110: Add AEC loopback support
ASoC: wm5110: Rename EPOUT to HPOUT3
ASoC: arizona: Add more clock rates
ASoC: arizona: Add more DSP options for mixer input muxes
...
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|
Pill drm updates part 2 from Dave Airlie:
"This is the follow-up pull, 3 pieces
a) exynos next stuff, was delayed but looks okay to me, one patch in
v4l bits but it was acked by v4l person.
b) UAPI disintegration bits
c) intel fixes - DP fixes, hang fixes, other misc fixes."
* 'drm-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux: (52 commits)
drm: exynos: hdmi: remove drm common hdmi platform data struct
drm: exynos: hdmi: add support for exynos5 hdmi
drm: exynos: hdmi: replace is_v13 with version check in hdmi
drm: exynos: hdmi: add support for exynos5 mixer
drm: exynos: hdmi: add support to disable video processor in mixer
drm: exynos: hdmi: add support for platform variants for mixer
drm: exynos: hdmi: add support for exynos5 hdmiphy
drm: exynos: hdmi: add support for exynos5 ddc
drm: exynos: remove drm hdmi platform data struct
drm: exynos: hdmi: turn off HPD interrupt in HDMI chip
drm: exynos: hdmi: use s5p-hdmi platform data
drm: exynos: hdmi: fix interrupt handling
drm: exynos: hdmi: support for platform variants
media: s5p-hdmi: add HPD GPIO to platform data
UAPI: (Scripted) Disintegrate include/drm
drm/i915: Fix GT_MODE default value
drm/i915: don't frob the vblank ts in finish_page_flip
drm/i915: call drm_handle_vblank before finish_page_flip
drm/i915: print warning if vmi915_gem_fault error is not handled
drm/i915: EBUSY status handling added to i915_gem_fault().
...
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|
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux
Pul ACPI & Power Management updates from Len Brown:
- acpidump utility added
- intel_idle driver now supports IVB Xeon
- turbostat utility can now count SMIs
- ACPI can now bind to USB3 hubs
- misc fixes
* 'release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux: (49 commits)
ACPI: Add new sysfs interface to export device description
ACPI: Harden acpi_table_parse_entries() against BIOS bug
tools/power/turbostat: add option to count SMIs, re-name some options
tools/power turbostat: add [-d MSR#][-D MSR#] options to print counter deltas
intel_idle: enable IVB Xeon support
tools/power turbostat: add [-m MSR#] option
tools/power turbostat: make -M output pretty
tools/power turbostat: print more turbo-limit information
tools/power turbostat: delete unused line
tools/power turbostat: run on IVB Xeon
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: create acpidump(8), local make install targets
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: version 20101221 - find dynamic tables in sysfs
ACPI: run _OSC after ACPI_FULL_INITIALIZATION
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: create acpidump(8), local make install targets
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: version 20101221 - find dynamic tables in sysfs
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: version 20071116
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: version 20070714
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: version 20060606
tools/power/acpi/acpidump: version 20051111
xo15-ebook: convert to module_acpi_driver()
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sage/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Sage Weil:
"The bulk of this pull is a series from Alex that refactors and cleans
up the RBD code to lay the groundwork for supporting the new image
format and evolving feature set. There are also some cleanups in
libceph, and for ceph there's fixed validation of file striping
layouts and a bugfix in the code handling a shrinking MDS cluster."
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sage/ceph-client: (71 commits)
ceph: avoid 32-bit page index overflow
ceph: return EIO on invalid layout on GET_DATALOC ioctl
rbd: BUG on invalid layout
ceph: propagate layout error on osd request creation
libceph: check for invalid mapping
ceph: convert to use le32_add_cpu()
ceph: Fix oops when handling mdsmap that decreases max_mds
rbd: update remaining header fields for v2
rbd: get snapshot name for a v2 image
rbd: get the snapshot context for a v2 image
rbd: get image features for a v2 image
rbd: get the object prefix for a v2 rbd image
rbd: add code to get the size of a v2 rbd image
rbd: lay out header probe infrastructure
rbd: encapsulate code that gets snapshot info
rbd: add an rbd features field
rbd: don't use index in __rbd_add_snap_dev()
rbd: kill create_snap sysfs entry
rbd: define rbd_dev_image_id()
rbd: define some new format constants
...
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